Carregosa Diogo, Pinto Catarina, Ávila-Gálvez María Ángeles, Bastos Paulo, Berry David, Santos Cláudia Nunes
iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal.
iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, Portugal.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2022 Sep;21(5):3931-3962. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.13006. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
A large number of epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of fruits, vegetables, and beverages rich in (poly)phenols promote numerous health benefits from cardiovascular to neurological diseases. Evidence on (poly)phenols has been applied mainly to flavonoids, yet the role of phenolic acids has been largely overlooked. Such phenolics present in food combine with those resulting from gut microbiota catabolism of flavonoids and chlorogenic acids and those produced by endogenous pathways, resulting in large concentrations of low molecular weight phenolic metabolites in human circulation. Independently of the origin, in human intervention studies using diets rich in (poly)phenols, a total of 137 low molecular weight phenolic metabolites have been detected and quantified in human circulation with largely unknown biological function. In this review, we will pinpoint two main aspects of the low molecular weight phenolic metabolites: (i) the microbiota responsible for their generation, and (ii) the analysis (quali- and quantitative) in human circulation and their respective pharmacokinetics. In doing so, we aim to drive scientific advances regarding the ubiquitous roles of low molecular weight phenolic metabolites using physiologically relevant concentrations and under (patho)physiologically relevant conditions in humans.
大量流行病学研究表明，食用富含（多）酚类的水果、蔬菜和饮料对从心血管疾病到神经疾病等多种健康有益。关于（多）酚类的证据主要应用于黄酮类化合物，然而酚酸的作用在很大程度上被忽视了。食物中存在的此类酚类物质与肠道微生物群对黄酮类化合物和绿原酸的分解代谢产物以及内源性途径产生的酚类物质相结合，导致人体循环中存在大量低分子量酚类代谢物。无论其来源如何，在使用富含（多）酚类饮食的人体干预研究中，共检测并定量了人体循环中的137种低分子量酚类代谢物，其生物学功能大多未知。在本综述中，我们将指出低分子量酚类代谢物的两个主要方面：（i）负责其生成的微生物群，以及（ii）在人体循环中的分析（定性和定量）及其各自的药代动力学。通过这样做，我们旨在利用生理相关浓度并在人体（病理）生理相关条件下推动关于低分子量酚类代谢物普遍作用的科学进展。
