Faculty of Health, School of Public Health Sciences (SPHS), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Health Soc Care Community. 2022 Nov;30(6):e3534-e3546. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13981. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
Despite unprecedented advancement in educational opportunities and access to information, maternal health literacy (MHL) and health numeracy (HN) skills remain low in North America. By enhancing MHL, the educated civic public-those who have the capacity, skills, and knowledge to apply prose and numerical health information-engages more proactively in public health practice. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the existing empirical evidence on MHL to work toward a better understanding of the practical implications for public health. We explored MHL and HN through the following research question: "How are maternal health literacy and health numeracy conceptualised in public health planning, implementation, and evaluation?" First, we employed a five-stage methodological framework for scoping reviews and used PRISMA-P to systematically identify eligible articles. Then, we used thematic analysis and an inductive approach guided by the research aims to identify themes related to how MHL and HN are conceptualised in empirical studies and developed an evidence table. Finally, two different reviewers coded articles using an inductive approach into six themes. We identified 1733 articles through a systematic search of five databases. After screening all the articles, 52 articles were included for thematic analysis. The final themes were: (i) sociocultural demographics; (ii) self-efficacy; (iii) communication; (iv) information seeking and operationalisation; (v) health status; and (vi) reasoning. The research evidence demonstrated limitations concerning the impact of sociocultural background on a mother's recognition of health problems and the extent of which patient-centred care is culturally and linguistically appropriate. The research evidence revealed an opportunity to address the sociocultural linguistic experience of mothers within public health practice. Our research team supports moving away from the biomedical model of evidence-based medicine and adopting evidence-based practice ensures healthcare providers develop a holistic understanding of the maternal health needs of socioculturally diverse mothers.
尽管在教育机会和信息获取方面取得了前所未有的进步，但北美的孕产妇健康素养 (MHL) 和健康算数技能仍然较低。通过提高 MHL，受过教育的公民——那些有能力、技能和知识应用散文和数字健康信息的人——更积极地参与公共卫生实践。本范围审查的目的是绘制现有的孕产妇健康素养实证证据，以更好地了解对公共卫生的实际影响。我们通过以下研究问题探索了 MHL 和 HN：“孕产妇健康素养和健康算数如何在公共卫生规划、实施和评估中概念化？”首先，我们采用了五阶段方法框架进行范围审查，并使用 PRISMA-P 系统地确定了合格的文章。然后，我们使用主题分析和以研究目标为指导的归纳方法，确定与实证研究中如何概念化 MHL 和 HN 相关的主题，并开发了一个证据表。最后，两位不同的审查员使用归纳方法将文章编码为六个主题。我们通过对五个数据库的系统搜索，共检索到 1733 篇文章。经过对所有文章进行筛选，有 52 篇文章被纳入主题分析。最终主题包括：(i) 社会文化人口统计学；(ii) 自我效能；(iii) 沟通；(iv) 信息寻求和操作化；(v) 健康状况；和 (vi) 推理。研究证据表明，社会文化背景对母亲识别健康问题的影响以及以患者为中心的护理在多大程度上在文化和语言上是适当的存在局限性。研究证据表明，有机会在公共卫生实践中解决母亲的社会文化语言体验。我们的研究团队支持从循证医学的生物医学模式转向循证实践，以确保医疗保健提供者对具有不同社会文化背景的母亲的整体健康需求有全面的了解。
