ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany; Department of General, Visceral, Vascular, and Thoracic Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2022 Oct;191:105-118. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.026. Epub 2022 Aug 28.
Plasma medicine is a developing field that utilizes the effects of cold physical plasma on biological substrates for therapeutic purposes. Approved plasma technology is frequently used in clinics to treat chronic wounds and skin infections. One mode of action responsible for beneficial effects in patients is the potent antimicrobial activity of cold plasma systems, which is linked to their unique generation of a plethora of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS). During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it became increasingly clear that societies need novel ways of passive and active protection from viral airway infections. Plasma technology may be suitable for superficial virus inactivation. Employing an optimized neon-driven micro plasma jet, treatment time-dependent ROS production and cytotoxic effects to different degrees were found in four different human cell lines with respect to their metabolic activity and viability. Using the murine hepatitis virus (MHV), a taxonomic relative of human coronaviruses, plasma exposure drastically reduced the number of infected murine fibroblasts by up to 3000-fold. Direct plasma contact (conductive) with the target maximized ROS production, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity compared to non-conductive treatment with the remote gas phase only. Strikingly, antioxidant pretreatment reduced but not abrogated conductive plasma exposure effects, pointing to potential non-ROS-related mechanisms of antiviral activity. In summary, an optimized micro plasma jet showed antiviral activity and cytotoxicity in human cells, which was in part ROS-dependent. Further studies using more complex tissue models are needed to identify a safe dose-effect window of antiviral activity at modest toxicity.
等离子体医学是一个新兴的领域，利用冷等离子体对生物基质的影响来达到治疗目的。已批准的等离子体技术经常在临床上用于治疗慢性伤口和皮肤感染。冷等离子体系统对患者产生有益效果的一种作用模式是其强大的抗菌活性，这与其独特的产生大量活性氧和氮物种（ROS）有关。在 SARS-CoV-2 大流行期间，人们越来越清楚地认识到，社会需要新的被动和主动保护方式来预防病毒性呼吸道感染。等离子体技术可能适用于表面病毒失活。使用优化的氖驱动微等离子体射流，发现四种不同的人细胞系的代谢活性和活力在不同程度上存在与时间相关的 ROS 产生和细胞毒性作用。利用与人冠状病毒具有分类学亲缘关系的鼠肝炎病毒（MHV），等离子体暴露使感染的鼠成纤维细胞数量减少了多达 3000 倍。与仅通过远程气相进行非传导性处理相比，直接等离子体接触（传导性）与靶标最大程度地增加了 ROS 产生、细胞毒性和抗病毒活性。引人注目的是，抗氧化预处理减少但没有消除导电等离子体暴露的作用，表明抗病毒活性可能与非 ROS 相关的机制有关。总之，优化后的微等离子体射流在人细胞中表现出抗病毒活性和细胞毒性，这部分依赖于 ROS。需要使用更复杂的组织模型进行进一步研究，以确定适度毒性下具有抗病毒活性的安全剂量效应窗口。
