Sened Haran, Bar-Kalifa Eran, Pshedetzky-Shochat Rony, Gleason Marci, Rafaeli Eshkol
Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Department of Psychology, Ben Gurion University, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
Affect Sci. 2020 Apr 17;1(2):87-96. doi: 10.1007/s42761-020-00006-w. eCollection 2020 Jun.
, the ability to infer another person's emotions, thoughts, and other fleeting mental states, has been linked to (wherein the perceiver assumes that another person's mental states are similar to their own) and (wherein the perceiver uses various external cues to reach their judgment). Previous research has linked this component model, as well as dual process models, to neuroscientific models of empathy, but has not linked these components with dual process accounts directly. Thus, we examined whether assumed similarity involves rapid (type-1) processing while direct accuracy involves slower (type-2) inferences. In three dyadic daily diary samples (total = 262 romantic couples), we examined associations between both components and response times. As expected, direct accuracy, but not assumed similarity, was associated with slower response times. Our findings suggest links between previously disparate lines of research and identify situations which may tip the balance between the empathic components.
推断他人情绪、思想及其他短暂心理状态的能力，已与投射（其中感知者假定他人的心理状态与自己相似）和直接准确性（其中感知者使用各种外部线索来做出判断）相关联。先前的研究已将此成分模型以及双加工模型与共情的神经科学模型联系起来，但尚未将这些成分与双加工理论直接联系起来。因此，我们研究了假定相似性是否涉及快速（1型）加工，而直接准确性是否涉及较慢（2型）推理。在三个二元日常日记样本（总共 = 262对浪漫情侣）中，我们研究了这两个成分与反应时间之间的关联。正如预期的那样，直接准确性而非假定相似性与较慢的反应时间相关。我们的研究结果表明了先前不同研究路线之间的联系，并确定了可能影响共情成分之间平衡的情况。
