Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Glob Health Action. 2022 Dec 31;15(1):2102712. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2022.2102712.
Even though previous systematic reviews have reported on the role of prenatal vitamin D on birth outcomes, its effect on child growth is poorly understood.
To synthesize a systematic summary of the literature on the effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation on the linear growth of under-five children.
This study includes studies (both observational and interventional with a control group) that evaluated the effects of prenatal vitamin D status on child linear growth. The mean child length/length for age with 95% confidence interval (CI) was pooled as the weighted mean difference using a random-effects model. A funnel plot was used to assess potential publication bias.
A total of 45 studies and 66 reports covering a total population of 44,992 (19,683 intervention or high vitamin D group, and 25,309 control or low vitamin D group) were analyzed. Studies spanned from 1977 to 2022. The pooled weighted mean difference was 0.4 cm (95% CI: 0.15-0.65). A subgroup analysis, based on vitamin D supplementation frequency, showed that mothers who supplemented monthly or less frequently had a 0.7 cm (95% CI: 0.2-1.16 cm) longer child. Supplementation with a dose of >2000 international units increased child length at birth. The weighted mean difference was 0.35 cm (95% CI: 0.11-0.58).
The evidence from this review shows that maternal supplementation of vitamin D is associated with increased birth length. This is apparent at higher doses, low frequency (monthly or less frequent), and during the second/third trimester. It appears that vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy is protective of future growth in under-five children. Clinical trials are needed to establish evidence of effectiveness for the frequency and dose of supplementation.
尽管之前的系统评价已经报告了产前维生素 D 对出生结局的作用，但它对儿童生长的影响知之甚少。
系统总结文献中关于母体维生素 D 补充对 5 岁以下儿童线性生长影响的研究。
本研究纳入了评估产前维生素 D 状态对儿童线性生长影响的研究（包括观察性研究和干预性研究，且均有对照组）。使用随机效应模型，将儿童长度/年龄的均值和 95%置信区间（CI）合并为加权均数差。使用漏斗图评估潜在的发表偏倚。
共纳入 45 项研究和 66 份报告，共涵盖 44992 名儿童（19683 名干预或高维生素 D 组，25309 名对照或低维生素 D 组）。研究时间跨度从 1977 年到 2022 年。汇总的加权均数差为 0.4cm（95%CI：0.15-0.65）。根据维生素 D 补充频率的亚组分析，每月或更少频率补充的母亲的孩子长度增加了 0.7cm（95%CI：0.2-1.16cm）。补充剂量大于 2000 国际单位时，出生时儿童的长度增加。加权均数差为 0.35cm（95%CI：0.11-0.58）。
本综述的证据表明，母体补充维生素 D 与增加出生时的长度有关。这在较高剂量、低频率（每月或更少）以及在第二/第三孕期更为明显。似乎在怀孕期间补充维生素 D 对 5 岁以下儿童的未来生长有保护作用。需要进行临床试验以确定补充的频率和剂量的有效性证据。
