Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Front Public Health. 2022 Aug 16;10:953545. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.953545. eCollection 2022.
Obesity and dental caries are public health problems in Egypt. Factors such as unhealthy diet, poor oral hygiene, and physical inactivity can play a major role in both problems. This study was carried out to illuminate the mutual unhealthy dietary risk factors associated with the incidence of both health conditions.
Between 1 October 2020 and 1 July 2021, 369 Egyptian children (5-10 years) were examined. Dental status was assessed using decayed, missing/extracted, and filled tooth indices (dmft, deft, and DMFT) for deciduous, mixed, and permanent dentitions, respectively. Moreover, the lifestyle, food habits, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded.
A total of 342 (93.7%) of the included subjects suffered from caries, and only 27(7.3%) were caries-free. Based on BMI percentiles, 247 (66.9%) of the youngsters were overweight/obese, while 122 (33.1%) had normal weight. The mean dmft was 6.9 (±4.6), deft 4.2 (±3.3), and DMFT 0.1 (±1.7). In the primary dentition, a significant positive correlation was detected between dmft and BMI, legumes, sweetened milk and juice, soft drinks, and desserts, while a significant negative correlation was detected between dmft/deft, meat/poultry/fish, fresh fruits, and vegetables. A significant positive correlation was detected between deft and BMI, sweetened milk and juice, ice cream, candies, and crackers. In the permanent dentition, a significant positive correlation was detected between age, soft drinks, sweetened juice, desserts, and DMFT, while a significant negative correlation was detected with fresh fruits and vegetables. BMI was significantly negatively correlated with a healthy lifestyle, meat/poultry/fish consumption, and fresh fruits and vegetables while positively correlated with legumes, ice cream, soft drinks, granulated sugars, desserts, fast food, and caffeinated drinks.
Overweight/obesity was positively correlated with primary dentition dental caries. Desserts (sweetened snacks) and soft drinks could be the common risk factors associated with high caries and overweight/obesity incidence among Egyptian school children; conversely, consumption of fruits and vegetables could hinder both health conditions. Moreover, sweetened juices were associated with primary and permanent dental caries.
肥胖和龋齿是埃及的公共卫生问题。不健康的饮食、不良的口腔卫生和缺乏身体活动等因素可能在这两个问题中都起着重要作用。本研究旨在阐明与这两种健康状况发生相关的相互不健康的饮食危险因素。
2020 年 10 月 1 日至 2021 年 7 月 1 日期间，检查了 369 名埃及儿童（5-10 岁）。使用恒牙、混合牙和乳牙的龋齿、缺失/拔出、填充牙指数（dmft、deft 和 DMFT）分别评估牙齿状况。此外，还记录了生活方式、饮食习惯和体重指数（BMI）。
共有 342 名（93.7%）受试者患有龋齿，仅有 27 名（7.3%）受试者无龋齿。根据 BMI 百分位数，247 名（66.9%）年轻人超重/肥胖，而 122 名（33.1%）体重正常。dmft 的平均值为 6.9（±4.6），deft 为 4.2（±3.3），DMFT 为 0.1（±1.7）。在乳牙中，dmft 与 BMI、豆类、加糖牛奶和果汁、软饮料和甜点之间存在显著正相关，而 dmft/deft 与肉/禽/鱼、新鲜水果和蔬菜之间存在显著负相关。deft 与 BMI、加糖牛奶和果汁、冰淇淋、糖果和饼干之间存在显著正相关。在恒牙中，年龄、软饮料、加糖果汁、甜点和 DMFT 与 BMI 呈显著正相关，而与新鲜水果和蔬菜呈显著负相关。BMI 与健康的生活方式、肉/禽/鱼的消费以及新鲜水果和蔬菜呈显著负相关，而与豆类、冰淇淋、软饮料、砂糖、甜点、快餐和含咖啡因的饮料呈显著正相关。
超重/肥胖与乳牙龋齿呈正相关。甜食（加糖零食）和软饮料可能是埃及学龄儿童中与高龋齿和超重/肥胖发生率相关的共同危险因素；相反，水果和蔬菜的摄入可能会阻碍这两种健康状况的发生。此外，加糖果汁与乳牙和恒牙龋齿有关。
