Doctorado Regional en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico.
Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico.
Pest Manag Sci. 2022 Dec;78(12):5271-5280. doi: 10.1002/ps.7149. Epub 2022 Sep 14.
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causes anthracnose in a large number of crops. Synthetic fungicides are employed to prevent this disease, even though their effectiveness and safety is questionable. Thus, effective and innocuous antifungal compounds are proposed as natural alternatives against anthracnose. The hexane fraction of Vitex mollis pulp (HF-VM) reduces anthracnose incidence in papaya fruit; however, the active compounds and antifungal mechanism of HF-VM are unknown. The aims of this study were to characterize the activity of HF-VM sub-fractions (sHF -sHF ) against a thiabendazole-resistant Colletotrichum gloeosporioides strain, identify the chemical components and investigate the mechanism of the most active sub-fraction.
The sHF showed the highest inhibitory activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.5 mg mL , whereas thiabendazole (TBZ) had a MIC value higher than 2 mg mL . The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that the compounds in sHF were methyl 4-decenoate, caprylic acid, and 24-methylencycloartanol. These compounds are rarely found in fruits and are reported for the first time on Vitex species. The purified 24-methylencycloartanol was inactive (MIC > 0.5 mg mL ). In contrast, the commercial standard of caprylic acid presented an elevated activity (MIC = 0.125 mg mL ), indicating that this compound is the main one responsible for the antifungal properties of sHF . Furthermore, the sHF inhibited the spore germination and induced membrane disruption in both the spore and mycelium of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.
Vitex mollis fruit is a novel source of antifungal caprylic acid that could be employed as a marker to prepare standardized extracts with antifungal properties. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
炭疽菌可引起大量农作物炭疽病。尽管合成杀菌剂的有效性和安全性存在争议，但仍被用于预防该病。因此，人们提出了有效且无害的抗真菌化合物作为天然替代品来对抗炭疽病。麻疯树果肉的正己烷级分（HF-VM）可降低番木瓜果实炭疽病的发病率；然而，HF-VM 的活性化合物和抗真菌机制尚不清楚。本研究的目的是表征 HF-VM 亚级分（sHF-sHF）对噻菌灵抗性炭疽菌的活性，鉴定其化学成分，并研究最活跃的亚级分的作用机制。
sHF 对炭疽菌的抑制活性最高，最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为 0.5 mg/mL，而噻菌灵（TBZ）的 MIC 值高于 2 mg/mL。气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析表明，sHF 中的化合物为 4-癸烯酸甲酯、辛酸和 24-甲基环阿屯醇。这些化合物在水果中很少见，这是首次在荆条属植物中报道。纯化的 24-甲基环阿屯醇没有活性（MIC＞0.5 mg/mL）。相比之下，辛酸的商业标准品表现出较高的活性（MIC=0.125 mg/mL），表明该化合物是 sHF 具有抗真菌特性的主要成分。此外，sHF 抑制了炭疽菌孢子的萌发，并诱导了孢子和菌丝的细胞膜破裂。
麻疯树果实是一种新型的抗真菌辛酸来源，可以作为制备具有抗真菌特性的标准化提取物的标志物。© 2022 化学工业协会。
