Mehta Kervi, Daigavane Sachin
Department of Ophthalmology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2022 Jul 29;14(7):e27443. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27443. eCollection 2022 Jul.
Background Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is a dreadful vision disease mainly affecting older people and causing permanent blindness if it remains undiagnosed and untreated. This study is particularly carried out to fill the gaps in the literature regarding the association of various systemic and environmental factors with ARMD. Objective We aim to study the correlates of age-related macular degeneration in patients attending a tertiary hospital. Methods This study is a hospital-based observational case-control study by nature with 260 participants included of ages more than 45 years. The participants were evaluated for risk factors after proper consenting. Result Age (56 years), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 80 mmHg, smoking cigarette for more than 10 years, sedentary lifestyle, body mass index (BMI) > 29.9 kg/m, sunlight exposure of more than eight hours, and higher lipid levels are determinants of ARMD. Conclusion Smoking is the strongest risk factor associated with ARMD, followed by diastolic blood pressure and body mass index. Lipid levels and a sedentary lifestyle have a weaker correlation with ARMD. However, age and gender are the most important determinants among non-modifiable factors.
年龄相关性黄斑变性（ARMD）是一种可怕的视力疾病，主要影响老年人，若未被诊断和治疗，会导致永久性失明。本研究旨在填补文献中关于各种全身和环境因素与ARMD关联方面的空白。目的：我们旨在研究在一家三级医院就诊的患者中年龄相关性黄斑变性的相关因素。方法：本研究本质上是一项基于医院的观察性病例对照研究，纳入了260名年龄超过45岁的参与者。在获得适当同意后，对参与者进行了危险因素评估。结果：年龄（56岁）、舒张压（DBP）80 mmHg、吸烟超过10年、久坐的生活方式、体重指数（BMI）>29.9 kg/m²、阳光照射超过8小时以及血脂水平较高是ARMD的决定因素。结论：吸烟是与ARMD相关的最强危险因素，其次是舒张压和体重指数。血脂水平和久坐的生活方式与ARMD的相关性较弱。然而，年龄和性别是不可改变因素中最重要的决定因素。
