Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne/Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Am J Epidemiol. 2012 Aug 15;176(4):289-98. doi: 10.1093/aje/kws004. Epub 2012 Jul 29.
Little evidence exists regarding associations between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and moderate alcohol consumption, patterns of consumption, or different types of alcoholic beverage. The authors examined associations between AMD prevalence and alcohol intake using 20,963 participants from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study aged 40-69 years at baseline (1990-1994). Participants' alcohol consumption was determined from a structured interview at baseline. At follow-up from 2003 to 2007, digital macula photographs of both eyes were taken and evaluated for early and late AMD signs. Drinking more than 20 g of alcohol per day was associated with an approximate 20% increase in the odds of early AMD (odds ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.06, 1.38; P = 0.004) when compared with those who reported no alcohol intake at baseline, having adjusted for sex, age, smoking, country of birth, education, physical activity, and energy from food. This positive association was apparent for wine, beer, and spirits. The estimates were similar for both sexes. The odds ratio for those drinking more than 20 g of alcohol per day for late AMD was 1.44 (95% confidence interval: 0.85, 2.45; P = 0.17). These results show a modest association between alcohol consumption and increased AMD risk.
关于年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）与适量饮酒、饮酒模式或不同类型酒精饮料之间的关联，目前证据有限。作者使用基线时年龄在 40-69 岁的墨尔本合作队列研究的 20963 名参与者，研究了 AMD 患病率与酒精摄入量之间的关联。参与者的酒精摄入量是通过基线时的结构化访谈确定的。在 2003 年至 2007 年的随访中，对双眼的数字黄斑照片进行拍摄和评估，以确定早期和晚期 AMD 征象。与基线时报告无饮酒的人相比，每天饮用超过 20 克酒精与早期 AMD 的几率增加约 20%（比值比=1.21，95%置信区间：1.06，1.38；P=0.004），校正性别、年龄、吸烟、出生地、教育、身体活动和食物能量后。这种与饮酒相关的正相关关系在葡萄酒、啤酒和烈酒中均有显现。对于男性和女性来说，结果相似。对于晚期 AMD，每天饮用超过 20 克酒精的人的比值比为 1.44（95%置信区间：0.85，2.45；P=0.17）。这些结果表明，酒精摄入量与 AMD 风险增加之间存在适度关联。
