Gharehgazlou Avideh, Jetly Rakesh, Rhind Shawn G, Reichelt Amy C, Da Costa Leodante, Dunkley Benjamin T
Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Neurotrauma Rep. 2022 Aug 9;3(1):299-307. doi: 10.1089/neur.2021.0032. eCollection 2022.
Cortical gyrification, as a specific measure derived from magnetic resonance imaging, remains understudied in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Local gyrification index (GI) and mean curvature are related measures indexing the patterned folding of the cortex,ml which reflect distinct properties of cortical morphology and geometry. Using both metrics, we examined cortical gyrification morphology in 59 adult males with mTBI ( = 29) versus those without ( = 30) mTBI in the subacute phase of injury (between 2 weeks and 3 months). The effect of IQ on GI and brain-symptom relations were also examined. General linear models revealed greater GI in mTBI versus controls in the frontal lobes bilaterally, but reduced GI in mTBI of the left temporal lobe. An age-related decrease in GI was found in numerous areas, with no significant group-by-age interaction effects observed. Including other factors (i.e., mTBI severity, symptoms, and IQ) in the GI model yielded similar results with few exceptions. Mean curvature analyses depicted a significant group-by-age interaction with the absence of significant main effects of group or age. Our results suggest that cortical gyrification morphology is adversely affected by mTBI in both frontal and temporal lobes, which are thought of as highly susceptible regions to mTBI. These findings contribute to understanding the effects of mTBI on neuromorphological properties, such as alterations in cortical gyrification, which reflect underlying microstructural changes (i.e., apoptosis, neuronal number, or white matter alterations). Future studies are needed to infer causal relationships between micro- and macrostructural changes after an mTBI and investigate potential sex differences.
作为一种从磁共振成像得出的特定测量指标，皮质脑回化在轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）中仍未得到充分研究。局部脑回化指数（GI）和平均曲率是反映皮质形态和几何结构的模式折叠的相关测量指标，它们反映了皮质形态和几何结构的不同属性。我们使用这两个指标，在损伤的亚急性期（2周和3个月之间），对59名患有mTBI的成年男性（n = 29）和未患有mTBI的成年男性（n = 30）的皮质脑回化形态进行了检查。我们还研究了智商对GI与脑症状关系的影响。一般线性模型显示，双侧额叶中，mTBI患者的GI高于对照组，但左侧颞叶mTBI患者的GI降低。在许多区域发现GI随年龄下降，未观察到显著的组×年龄交互作用。在GI模型中纳入其他因素（即mTBI严重程度、症状和智商）后，除少数例外，结果相似。平均曲率分析显示存在显著的组×年龄交互作用，而组或年龄的主效应不显著。我们的结果表明，额叶和颞叶的皮质脑回化形态受到mTBI的不利影响，而额叶和颞叶被认为是对mTBI高度敏感的区域。这些发现有助于理解mTBI对神经形态学特性的影响，例如皮质脑回化的改变，这反映了潜在的微观结构变化（即细胞凋亡、神经元数量或白质改变）。未来需要开展研究来推断mTBI后微观和宏观结构变化之间的因果关系，并调查潜在的性别差异。
