Chan Agnes S, Ding Zihan, Lee Tsz-Lok, Sze Sophia L, Yang Natalie S
Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Research Centre for Neuropsychological Well-Being, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Digit Health. 2022 Aug 29;8:20552076221120325. doi: 10.1177/20552076221120325. eCollection 2022 Jan-Dec.
Temporal processing deficits were found among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study aims to develop an online temporal processing assessment that can be conducted remotely, and the sensitivity of the test was assessed on a group of children with ADHD.
A total of 188 children were recruited, including 94 typically developing (TD) children, and 94 children with ADHD. The online assessment consists of two temporal-order judgment (TOJ) tasks. One task used tone pairs presented with two interstimulus intervals (ISIs) (305ms and 40ms). Another task used pairs of consonant-vowel (CV) syllables with 20 varying ISI levels. Participants were asked to determine the sequence of the sound pairs.
The results showed that ADHD children were less accurate (ISI 305ms: = 83.90%; ISI 40ms: M = 66.28%) than TD children (ISI 305ms: = 89.36%; ISI 40ms: = 77.16%) in the tone task. Similarly, ADHD children showed a higher ISI passing threshold ( = 283.64ms) than TD children ( = 199.76ms) and higher accuracy in the CV task. Hierarchical binary logistic regression suggested a model to predict ADHD children using accuracy in ISI 40ms in the tone task and ISI passing threshold in the CV task. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis yielded a sensitivity of 75.58% and a specificity of 51.11%.
ADHD children showed temporal processing deficits of both tones and CVs. The online assessment may be a valid tool for differentiating ADHD children from TD children.
在注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童中发现了时间处理缺陷。本研究旨在开发一种可远程进行的在线时间处理评估方法，并在一组ADHD儿童中评估该测试的敏感性。
共招募了188名儿童，其中包括94名发育正常（TD）儿童和94名ADHD儿童。在线评估包括两项时间顺序判断（TOJ）任务。一项任务使用呈现两种刺激间隔（ISI）（305毫秒和40毫秒）的音调对。另一项任务使用具有20种不同ISI水平的辅音-元音（CV）音节对。要求参与者确定声音对的顺序。
结果显示，在音调任务中，ADHD儿童的准确性低于TD儿童（ISI 305毫秒：M = 83.90%；ISI 40毫秒：M = 66.28%）（ISI 305毫秒：M = 89.36%；ISI 40毫秒：M = 77.16%）。同样，ADHD儿童在CV任务中的ISI通过阈值（M = 283.64毫秒）高于TD儿童（M = 199.76毫秒），且准确性更高。分层二元逻辑回归提出了一个模型，使用音调任务中ISI 40毫秒的准确性和CV任务中的ISI通过阈值来预测ADHD儿童。受试者工作特征（ROC）分析得出敏感性为75.58%，特异性为51.11%。
ADHD儿童在音调和CV方面均表现出时间处理缺陷。在线评估可能是区分ADHD儿童和TD儿童的有效工具。
