Characterization of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains isolated from grapevine tumors in China.

Thirteen strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens isolated from grapevine tumors in northern China were surveyed. These strains varied in their host range properties, although all were tumorigenic on grapevines. Twelve of these strains belonged to Agrobacterium sp. biotype 3, and 11 strains resulted in the synthesis of the opine octopine in tumor tissue. Interestingly, one strain resulted in accumulation of arginine, a previously unrecognized opine, in tumor tissue. Although DNA in most of these strains showed homology to the previously characterized transferred DNA and vir loci, some virulent strains showed little or no homology to these loci. Thus, some of these strains represent widely divergent examples of Agrobacterium sp. The DNA in most strains exhibited little or no homology to a wide-host-range virA locus but did show strong homology to a limited-host-range virA locus. This finding further supports the idea that Agrobacterium strains associated with grapevines may have a specific virA locus.