Bouzar H, Chilton W S, Nesme X, Dessaux Y, Vaudequin V, Petit A, Jones J B, Hodge N C
Gulf Coast Research & Education Center, University of Florida, Bradenton 34203.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995 Jan;61(1):65-73. doi: 10.1128/aem.61.1.65-73.1995.
Crown gall tumors, collected from branches of 1-year-old weeping fig (Ficus benjamina L.) trees, yielded both tumorigenic and nonpathogenic agrobacteria. On the basis of classical diagnostic tests, the nonpathogenic strains were identified as Agrobacterium tumefaciens, whereas the tumorigenic strains could not be assigned to any of the known terrestrial Agrobacterium spp. The tumorigenic strains also differed from other members of the genus by producing more acid from mannitol. According to cluster analysis of carbon substrate oxidation (GN Microplate; Biolog, Inc.) and fatty acid content, the tumorigenic fig strains were distinct from strains of A. tumefaciens, Agrobacterium rhizogenes, Agrobacterium vitis, and Agrobacterium rubi. Furthermore, they had unusual opine metabolism, inducing tumors that synthesized nopaline and three recently discovered opines: chrysopine (d-lactone of N-1-deoxy-D-fructosyl-L-glutamine, and N-1-deoxy-D-fructosyl-L-glutamine, and N-1-deoxy-D-fructosyl-5-oxo-L-proline. The nonpathogenic A. tumefaciens strains present in the same tumors were unable to degrade any of the opines tested. The phylogenetic position of the tumorigenic fig strain AF3.10 was inferred from comparing its rrs (i.e., 16S rRNA gene) sequence with those from the type strains of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium species. The analysis showed that strain AF3.10 clustered with A. tumefaciens and A. rubi but not with A. vitis and was far removed from A. rhizogenes. However, the sequence was significantly different from those of A. tumefaciens and A. rubi to suggest that the tumorigenic fig strain may be a new Agrobacterium species that is as different from A. tumefaciens and A. rubi as these two species are from one another.
从1年生垂叶榕（Ficus benjamina L.）树枝上采集的冠瘿瘤分离出了致瘤和非致病的土壤杆菌。根据经典诊断测试，非致病菌株被鉴定为根癌土壤杆菌，而致瘤菌株无法归类到任何已知的陆生土壤杆菌属物种。致瘤菌株在利用甘露醇产酸方面也与该属的其他成员不同。根据碳底物氧化（GN微孔板；Biolog公司）和脂肪酸含量的聚类分析，致瘤的榕属菌株与根癌土壤杆菌、发根土壤杆菌、葡萄土壤杆菌和悬钩子土壤杆菌的菌株不同。此外，它们具有不寻常的冠瘿碱代谢，能诱导肿瘤合成胭脂碱和最近发现的三种冠瘿碱：金盏菊碱（N-1-脱氧-D-果糖基-L-谷氨酰胺的d-内酯）、N-1-脱氧-D-果糖基-L-谷氨酰胺和N-1-脱氧-D-果糖基-5-氧代-L-脯氨酸。同一肿瘤中存在的非致病根癌土壤杆菌菌株无法降解所测试的任何一种冠瘿碱。通过比较致瘤榕属菌株AF3.10的rrs（即16S rRNA基因）序列与土壤杆菌属和根瘤菌属模式菌株的序列，推断出该菌株的系统发育位置。分析表明，菌株AF3.10与根癌土壤杆菌和悬钩子土壤杆菌聚类，但不与葡萄土壤杆菌聚类，且与发根土壤杆菌相距甚远。然而，该序列与根癌土壤杆菌和悬钩子土壤杆菌的序列有显著差异，表明致瘤榕属菌株可能是一种新的土壤杆菌物种，与根癌土壤杆菌和悬钩子土壤杆菌的差异程度与这两个物种之间的差异程度相当。
