Koutsimani Panagiota, Montgomery Anthony
Department of Educational and Social Policy, School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Psychology, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Aug 17;13:978566. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.978566. eCollection 2022.
Burnout is often characterized by cognitive deficits and it has been associated with depression and anxiety. However, it is not clear whether cognitive impairment is a burnout consequence or employees with poor cognitive skills are more prone in developing burnout. Moreover, the exact nature of the association between burnout and depression, and burnout and anxiety is still unknown. Depression and anxiety are also related to cognitive impairments but their prospective associations are not fully understood. The aim of the present three-wave longitudinal study was to investigate the causality between cognitive functioning, burnout, depression, and anxiety among non-clinical burnout employees. The cause-effect associations of burnout with depression and anxiety were also explored. Perceived family support as a protective factor against cognitive decline, burnout, depression and anxiety was examined as well. A wide range of cognitive tasks tapping different cognitive domains were administered to employees of the general working population. Burnout, depression, anxiety, and perceived family support were assessed with self-reported questionnaires. Present results suggest that visuospatial functioning deficits are a burnout consequence and they indicate the role of automatic processing skills and executive functions in burnout onset. Additionally, current findings support that burnout is differentiated from depression and anxiety but it is reciprocally associated with the two psychological phenomena. Lastly, current results support the inclusion of perceived family support as an intervention to help individuals who suffer from mental health and cognitive difficulties.
职业倦怠通常表现为认知缺陷，且与抑郁和焦虑有关。然而，尚不清楚认知障碍是职业倦怠的后果，还是认知技能较差的员工更容易出现职业倦怠。此外，职业倦怠与抑郁、职业倦怠与焦虑之间关联的确切性质仍不明确。抑郁和焦虑也与认知障碍有关，但其前瞻性关联尚未完全明了。本三波纵向研究的目的是调查非临床职业倦怠员工的认知功能、职业倦怠、抑郁和焦虑之间的因果关系。还探讨了职业倦怠与抑郁和焦虑之间的因果关联。同时也考察了感知到的家庭支持作为预防认知衰退、职业倦怠、抑郁和焦虑的保护因素。对一般劳动人口的员工进行了一系列涉及不同认知领域的认知任务测试。通过自我报告问卷对职业倦怠、抑郁、焦虑和感知到的家庭支持进行评估。目前的结果表明，视觉空间功能缺陷是职业倦怠的后果，它们表明了自动加工技能和执行功能在职业倦怠发生中的作用。此外，目前的研究结果支持职业倦怠与抑郁和焦虑有所不同，但它与这两种心理现象相互关联。最后，目前的结果支持将感知到的家庭支持纳入干预措施，以帮助那些有心理健康和认知困难的个体。
