Xu Jin, Du Xiao, Zhang Shilan, Xiang Qunyan, Zhu Liyuan, Liu Ling
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Aug 18;9:944003. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.944003. eCollection 2022.
Elevated level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is concerned as one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, in both the fasting and postprandial states. This study aimed to compare the measured LDL-C with LDL-C calculated by the Friedewald, Martin-Hopkins, Vujovic, and Sampson formulas, and establish which formula could provide the most reliable LDL-C results for Chinese subjects, especially at the postprandial state.
Twenty-six subjects were enrolled in this study. The blood samples were collected from all the subjects before and after taking a daily breakfast. The calculated LDL-C results were compared with LDL-C measured by the vertical auto profile method, at both the fasting and postprandial states. The percentage difference between calculated and measured LDL-C (total error) and the number of results exceeding the total error goal of 12% were established.
The calculated LDL-C levels showed no significant difference from LDL-C levels at the fasting state. The calculated LDL-C were significantly higher than LDL-C at the fasting state ( < 0.05), while the calculated LDL-C were very close to LDL-C levels after a daily meal. At the fasting state, the median total error of calculated LDL-C was 0 (quartile: -3.8 to 6.0), followed by LDL-C, LDL-C, and LDL-C. At the postprandial states, the median total errors of LDL-C were the smallest, 1.0 (-7.5, 8.5) and -0.3 (-10.1, 10.9) at 2 and 4 h, respectively. The calculated LDL-C levels showed the highest correlation to LDL-C and accuracy in evaluating fasting LDL-C levels, while the Sampson formula showed the highest accuracy at the postprandial state.
The Friedewald formula was recommended to calculate fasting LDL-C, while the Sampson formula seemed to be a better choice to calculate postprandial LDL-C levels in Chinese subjects.
低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平升高被视为空腹和餐后状态下心血管疾病的主要危险因素之一。本研究旨在比较实测LDL-C与通过Friedewald、Martin-Hopkins、Vujovic和Sampson公式计算得出的LDL-C，并确定哪种公式能为中国受试者提供最可靠的LDL-C结果，尤其是在餐后状态。
本研究纳入了26名受试者。在所有受试者每日早餐前后采集血样。将计算得出的LDL-C结果与通过垂直自动分析方法测定的LDL-C进行空腹和餐后状态下的比较。确定计算值与测量值LDL-C之间的百分比差异（总误差）以及超过总误差目标12%的结果数量。
计算得出的LDL-C水平在空腹状态下与LDL-C水平无显著差异。计算得出的LDL-C在空腹状态下显著高于LDL-C（<0.05），而计算得出的LDL-C与每日餐后的LDL-C水平非常接近。在空腹状态下，计算得出的LDL-C的总误差中位数为0（四分位数：-3.8至6.0），其次是LDL-C、LDL-C和LDL-C。在餐后状态下，LDL-C的总误差中位数最小，分别在2小时和4小时时为1.0（-7.5，8.5）和-0.3（-10.1，10.9）。计算得出的LDL-C水平在评估空腹LDL-C水平时与LDL-C的相关性和准确性最高，而Sampson公式在餐后状态下显示出最高的准确性。
建议使用Friedewald公式计算空腹LDL-C，而Sampson公式似乎是计算中国受试者餐后LDL-C水平的更好选择。
