Xu Lin, Yan Yingying, Dong Hongming, Qiao Dandan, Liu Yanyan, Tian Junfang, Ai Zhu, Xue Rong
Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Front Neurosci. 2022 Aug 17;16:944096. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.944096. eCollection 2022.
Studies have shown that individuals with insomnia experience more frequent and longer episodes of mind wandering (MW) while driving. However, the effect of the interaction between insomnia and MW on driving behavior is not fully understood. This study aimed to gain deeper insights into the relationships among insomnia, MW, and driving behavior.
Forty-two participants (21 diagnosed with insomnia and 21 controls) were recruited, and subjective sleep quality and cognitive function were assessed. A driving simulator experiment with a within-subject design was performed, involving two distraction tasks (no-distraction task versus MW task) and two driving scenarios (lane-keeping versus lane-changing).
In the lane-keeping scenario, there was no significant between-group difference (people with insomnia and controls) in longitudinal driving performance for the no-distraction task, although the interaction between MW and insomnia significantly increased drivers' longitudinal control variation. Correlation analysis confirmed that longitudinal driving performance was positively correlated with sleep quality and the cognitive level. Unlike longitudinal driving performance, lateral driving performance was significantly weaker in people with insomnia than in controls under both distraction tasks. In the lane-changing scenario, although there was no between-group difference in driving performance, the MW task led to significant changes in driving performance within each group compared with the no-distraction task, and these findings were associated with cognitive function, but not with sleep quality.
These findings show that insomnia and MW combined can lead to reduced driving performance. Further research is needed to elucidate the factors that influence this phenomenon.
研究表明，失眠患者在驾驶时更容易出现且经历更长时间的走神（MW）。然而，失眠与走神之间的相互作用对驾驶行为的影响尚未完全明确。本研究旨在更深入地了解失眠、走神和驾驶行为之间的关系。
招募了42名参与者（21名被诊断为失眠者和21名对照者），并评估了主观睡眠质量和认知功能。进行了一项采用被试内设计的驾驶模拟器实验，包括两项分心任务（无分心任务与走神任务）和两种驾驶场景（保持车道与变道）。
在保持车道场景中，对于无分心任务，失眠者和对照者在纵向驾驶性能方面没有显著的组间差异，尽管走神与失眠之间的相互作用显著增加了驾驶员的纵向控制变化。相关分析证实，纵向驾驶性能与睡眠质量和认知水平呈正相关。与纵向驾驶性能不同，在两项分心任务下，失眠者的横向驾驶性能均显著弱于对照者。在变道场景中，尽管驾驶性能没有组间差异，但与无分心任务相比，走神任务导致每组内驾驶性能发生显著变化，且这些结果与认知功能相关，而与睡眠质量无关。
这些发现表明，失眠和走神共同作用会导致驾驶性能下降。需要进一步研究以阐明影响这一现象的因素。
