Protein and energy metabolism with biosynthetic human growth hormone after gastrointestinal surgery.

The effect of biosynthetic human growth hormone (BSHGH) on postoperative protein and energy metabolism has been studied in patients who had major gastrointestinal surgery. Seven patients received placebo and seven patients received BSHGH, 0.1 mg/kg/24 h, for the first six postoperative days. Mean total nitrogen excretion was significantly lower with BSHGH (31.5 +/- 2.4 g N) (2287 +/- 160 mmol) than with placebo (42.7 +/- 3.1 g N) (3049 +/- 219 mmol) over the 6-day study period. The mean daily measured energy expenditure over days 3-6 was higher with BSHGH (31.3 +/- 1.8 kcal/kg LBM/24 h) (131 +/- 7 kJ/kg LBM/24 h) than with placebo (27.6 +/- 0.8 kcal/kg LBM/24 h) (114 +/- 2 kJ/kg LBM/24 h). Fat oxidation with BSHGH (2.05 +/- 0.26 mg/kg LBM/24 h) was greater than with placebo (1.5 +/- 0.17 mg/kg LBM/24 h) and protein oxidation was less with BSHGH (0.68 +/- 0.07 g/kg LBM/24 h) than with placebo (0.9 +/- 0.09 g/kg LBM/24 h) on days 1-6. Postoperative nitrogen turnover (BSHGH 943 +/- 174 mg N/kg LBM/24 h, placebo 557 +/- 50 mg N/kg LBM/24 h) (BSHGH 67 +/- 13 mmol/kg LBM/24 h, placebo 40 +/- 4 mmol/kg LBM/24 h), protein synthesis (BSHGH 5.31 +/- 1.09 g prot/kg LBM/24 h, placebo 2.54 +/- 0.33 g prot/kg LBM/24 h) and protein breakdown (BSHGH 5.90 +/- 1.09 g prot/kg LBM/24 h, placebo 3.48 +/- 0.31 g prot/kg LBM/24 h) were greater with BSHGH. On the first postoperative day serum insulin and blood glucose levels were higher with BSHGH than with placebo, and on days 4 and 7 serum somatomedin-C levels were significantly elevated. This study shows that BSHGH alters postoperative protein and energy metabolism by reducing protein oxidation and increasing fat oxidation with raised rates of whole body nitrogen turnover.