支链氨基酸与心血管疾病。
Branched-chain amino acids in cardiovascular disease.
机构信息
Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
出版信息
Nat Rev Cardiol. 2023 Feb;20(2):77-89. doi: 10.1038/s41569-022-00760-3. Epub 2022 Sep 5.
Research conducted in the past 15 years has yielded crucial insights that are reshaping our understanding of the systems physiology of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism and the molecular mechanisms underlying the close relationship between BCAA homeostasis and cardiovascular health. The rapidly evolving literature paints a complex picture, in which numerous tissue-specific and disease-specific modes of BCAA regulation initiate a diverse set of molecular mechanisms that connect changes in BCAA homeostasis to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, ischaemia-reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart failure. In this Review, we outline the current understanding of the major factors regulating BCAA abundance and metabolic fate, highlight molecular mechanisms connecting impaired BCAA homeostasis to cardiovascular disease, discuss the epidemiological evidence connecting BCAAs with various cardiovascular disease states and identify current knowledge gaps requiring further investigation.
过去 15 年的研究取得了关键的见解，这些见解正在改变我们对支链氨基酸（BCAA）代谢系统生理学的理解，以及 BCAA 动态平衡与心血管健康之间密切关系的分子机制。快速发展的文献描绘了一幅复杂的图景，其中许多组织特异性和疾病特异性的 BCAA 调节模式引发了一系列不同的分子机制，这些机制将 BCAA 动态平衡的变化与心血管疾病的发病机制联系起来，包括心肌梗死、缺血再灌注损伤、动脉粥样硬化、高血压和心力衰竭。在这篇综述中，我们概述了调节 BCAA 丰度和代谢命运的主要因素的现有认识，强调了将 BCAA 动态平衡受损与心血管疾病联系起来的分子机制，讨论了将 BCAA 与各种心血管疾病状态联系起来的流行病学证据，并确定了需要进一步研究的当前知识空白。
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