Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, PR China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, PR China.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2022 Sep 5;33(9):63. doi: 10.1007/s10856-022-06683-2.
Current evidence has suggested that diabetes increases the risk of implanting failure, and therefore, appropriate surface modification of dental implants in patients with diabetes is crucial. TiO nanotube (TNT) has an osteogenic nanotopography, and its osteogenic properties can be further improved by loading appropriate drugs. Cinnamaldehyde (CIN) has been proven to have osteogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial effects. We fabricated a pH-responsive cinnamaldehyde-TiO nanotube coating (TNT-CIN) and hypothesized that this coating will exert osteogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial functions in a simulated diabetes condition. TNT-CIN was constructed by anodic oxidation, hydroxylation, silylation, and Schiff base reaction to bind CIN, and its surface characteristics were determined. Conditions of diabetes and diabetes with a concurrent infection were simulated using 22-mM glucose without and with 1-μg/mL lipopolysaccharide, respectively. The viability and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, polarization and secretion of macrophages, and resistance to Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans were evaluated. CIN was bound to the TNT surface successfully and released better in low pH condition. TNT-CIN showed better osteogenic and anti-inflammatory effects and superior bacterial resistance than TNT in a simulated diabetes condition. These findings indicated that TNT-CIN is a promising, multifunctional surface coating for patients with diabetes needing dental implants. Graphical abstract.
目前的证据表明，糖尿病会增加种植体失败的风险，因此，对糖尿病患者的牙种植体进行适当的表面改性至关重要。TiO 纳米管（TNT）具有成骨纳米形貌，通过负载适当的药物可以进一步提高其成骨性能。肉桂醛（CIN）已被证明具有成骨、抗炎和抗菌作用。我们制备了一种 pH 响应性肉桂醛-TiO 纳米管涂层（TNT-CIN），并假设该涂层在模拟糖尿病条件下将发挥成骨、抗炎和抗菌作用。TNT-CIN 通过阳极氧化、羟化、硅烷化和席夫碱反应构建，以结合 CIN，并确定其表面特性。使用不含和含 1μg/mL 脂多糖的 22-mM 葡萄糖分别模拟糖尿病和糖尿病伴感染的条件。评估骨髓间充质干细胞的活力和成骨分化、巨噬细胞的极化和分泌以及对牙龈卟啉单胞菌和变形链球菌的抵抗力。CIN 成功地结合到 TNT 表面，在低 pH 条件下释放更好。与 TNT 相比，TNT-CIN 在模拟糖尿病条件下表现出更好的成骨和抗炎效果以及更好的抗细菌能力。这些发现表明，TNT-CIN 是一种有前途的、多功能的表面涂层，适用于需要牙种植体的糖尿病患者。
