儿童短期暴露于空气污染与呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊的关联。

Association of short-term exposure to air pollution with emergency visits for respiratory diseases in children.

作者信息

He Miao, Zhong Yaping, Chen Yuehan, Zhong Nanshan, Lai Kefang

机构信息

Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China.

State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510120, China.

出版信息

iScience. 2022 Aug 5;25(9):104879. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104879. eCollection 2022 Sep 16.

Ambient air pollutants are health hazards to children. This study comprised 773,504 emergency department visits (EDVs) at 0-14 years of age with respiratory diseases in southern China. All air pollutants were positively associated with EDVs of total respiratory diseases, especially pneumonia. NO, PM, and PM had intraday effects and cumulative effects on asthma EDVs. The effect of SO, PM, and PM on pneumonia EDVs was stronger in girls than in boys. The effect of NO on acute upper respiratory tract infection EDVs was greater in children aged 0-5 years old; however, the effect of PM on acute upper respiratory tract infection EDVs was greater in the 6-14 years group. In a two-pollutant model, NO was associated with bronchitis and pneumonia, and PM was associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection. In this time-series study, NO and PM were risk indicators for respiratory diseases in children.

环境空气污染物对儿童健康有害。本研究纳入了中国南方773504例0至14岁因呼吸系统疾病前往急诊科就诊的病例。所有空气污染物均与总呼吸系统疾病的急诊就诊次数呈正相关，尤其是肺炎。一氧化氮（NO）、颗粒物（PM）对哮喘急诊就诊次数有日内效应和累积效应。二氧化硫（SO）、PM对肺炎急诊就诊次数的影响在女孩中比男孩更强。NO对0至5岁儿童急性上呼吸道感染急诊就诊次数的影响更大；然而，PM对6至14岁组急性上呼吸道感染急诊就诊次数的影响更大。在双污染物模型中，NO与支气管炎和肺炎相关，PM与急性上呼吸道感染相关。在这项时间序列研究中，NO和PM是儿童呼吸系统疾病的风险指标。