Abdeta Debela, Deresa Takele, Haile Geremew
Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Bishoftu, Ethiopia.
Jimma Arjo District Livestock and Fishery Office, Jimma Arjo, Ethiopia.
J Parasitol Res. 2022 Aug 27;2022:2923446. doi: 10.1155/2022/2923446. eCollection 2022.
Trypanosomosis is a protozoan disease, mostly transmitted by the tsetse fly, , which causes severe disease of livestock in Ethiopia. The disease is also widespread across the globe especially in sub-Saharan African states. A cross-sectional study with the objectives of determining the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and assess the apparent densities of the disease vectors was conducted from October 2019 to July 2020 G.C in Jima Arjo district, east Wollega zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. A parasitological study using conventional buffy coat technique was employed for the determination of prevalence of trypanosomosis and species was identified by Giemsa stain technique, while baited traps were used for the vector survey. The results of parasitological study revealed that the overall prevalence was 36 (8.2%) at 95% CI. From the total trypanosome positive animals 22 (5.0%), 8 (1.82%) and 6 (1.36%) of them harbor , , and , respectively. Relatively higher prevalence (10.91%) was seen in animals with poor body condition than those with medium (7.38%) and good (5.55%), body condition though it is not statistically significant ( > 0.05). Higher infection rate was observed in male 26 (12.26%) than female 10 (4.39%) due to male cattle more exposed to the tsetse fly area or early released from home for drought reason. Out of the total positive animals, only 12 of them were anemic on buffy coat test of sampled blood. This justifies that animal could be positive for trypanosomosis without showing clinical sign of anemia which is the dominant sign in this disease. A total of 2185 vectors trypanosomes were collected among which 1,569 were tsetse flies and 616 were other biting flies. The density of was 15.1 fly/trap/day. and were the two dominant species of tsetse flies recorded from the area. The present study indicated that tsetse and non-tsetse fly-borne trypanosomosis is a leading bottle neck for production and health of animals in Jima Arjo districts and similar case was found throughout the country which necessitates a coordinated vector and parasite control in order to alleviate the problem of the disease.
锥虫病是一种原生动物疾病，主要通过采采蝇传播，在埃塞俄比亚会导致家畜患上严重疾病。这种疾病在全球也广泛存在，尤其是在撒哈拉以南非洲国家。2019年10月至2020年7月（埃塞俄比亚历），在埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚州东沃莱加区吉马阿尔乔地区开展了一项横断面研究，目的是确定牛锥虫病的流行率并评估疾病传播媒介的表观密度。采用传统血沉棕黄层技术进行寄生虫学研究以确定锥虫病的流行率，并通过吉姆萨染色技术鉴定种类，同时使用诱饵诱捕器进行媒介调查。寄生虫学研究结果显示，总体流行率在95%置信区间为36例（8.2%）。在所有锥虫阳性动物中，分别有22例（5.0%）、8例（1.82%）和6例（1.36%）携带、和。身体状况较差的动物中流行率相对较高（10.91%），高于身体状况中等（7.38%）和良好（5.55%）的动物，不过差异无统计学意义（>0.05）。雄性动物的感染率较高，为26例（12.26%），高于雌性动物的10例（4.39%），这是因为雄性牛更多地暴露在采采蝇活动区域，或者由于干旱原因更早被放出家门。在所有阳性动物中，对采集血液进行血沉棕黄层检测时，只有12例贫血。这表明动物可能锥虫病呈阳性但不表现出贫血的临床症状，而贫血是这种疾病的主要症状。总共收集到2185只传播锥虫的昆虫，其中1569只是采采蝇，616只是其他叮咬昆虫。的密度为15.1只/诱捕器/天。和是该地区记录到的两种主要采采蝇种类。本研究表明，采采蝇和非采采蝇传播的锥虫病是吉马阿尔乔地区动物生产和健康的主要瓶颈，并且在全国发现了类似情况，这就需要进行协调的媒介和寄生虫控制，以缓解该疾病问题。
