Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America.
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 Sep 6;17(9):e0273792. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273792. eCollection 2022.
There have been numerous studies in humans and rodents substantiating the role of the gastrointestinal microbiome in the pathogenesis and progression of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrinopathy in dogs; however, little is known about the composition of the gut microbiome during the development and treatment of diabetes in this species. The objective of this pilot study was to characterize the gastrointestinal microbiome of dogs with diabetes mellitus at the time of diagnosis and over the first 12 weeks of insulin therapy and identify associations with glycemic control. Rectal swabs and serum for fructosamine measurement were collected from 6 newly diagnosed diabetic dogs at 2-week intervals for 12 weeks. Rectal samples were sequenced using 16S, ITS, and archaeal primers. Measures of alpha and beta diversity were assessed for changes over time; associations between absolute sequence variant (ASV) relative abundances and time and fructosamine concentration were identified using a microbiome-specific, multivariate linear effects model. No statistically significant changes over time were noted in alpha diversity and samples significantly grouped by dog rather than by time in the beta diversity analysis. However, multiple ASVs were negatively (Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Romboutsia, Collinsella) and positively (Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus gauveauii, Peptoclostridium) associated with time and two ASVs were positively associated with fructosamine (Enterococcus, Escherichia-Shigella). These changes in gastrointestinal microbial composition warrant further investigation of how they may relate to diabetes mellitus progression or control in dogs.
已有大量研究证实，胃肠道微生物组在 1 型和 2 型糖尿病的发病机制和进展中起重要作用。糖尿病是犬常见的内分泌疾病；然而，关于该物种在糖尿病发生和治疗过程中肠道微生物组的组成知之甚少。本初步研究的目的是描述诊断时以及胰岛素治疗的前 12 周患有糖尿病的犬的胃肠道微生物组，并确定与血糖控制的相关性。在 12 周的时间内，每隔两周采集 6 只新诊断为糖尿病的犬的直肠拭子和血清进行果糖胺测量。使用 16S、ITS 和古菌引物对直肠样本进行测序。评估了 alpha 和 beta 多样性随时间的变化；使用专门的微生物组多元线性效应模型，确定了绝对序列变体 (ASV) 相对丰度与时间和果糖胺浓度之间的关联。在 alpha 多样性方面没有观察到随时间的显著变化，并且在 beta 多样性分析中，样本是根据狗而不是时间显著分组的。然而，多个 ASV 与时间呈负相关（严格梭菌、Romboutsia、Collinsella）和正相关（链球菌、拟杆菌、Ruminococcus gauveauii、消化链球菌），两个 ASV 与果糖胺呈正相关（肠球菌、大肠埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌）。这些胃肠道微生物组成的变化值得进一步研究它们如何与犬糖尿病的进展或控制相关。
