Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy; Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Cesare Battisti 241, 35121 Padova, Italy.
Vaccine. 2022 Dec 5;40(51):7406-7414. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.016. Epub 2022 Aug 15.
In Italy, like in other countries, issues still exist regarding how to reach high vaccine coverage and several countries have considered policies to increase vaccine uptake. In the present study, we focused on people who have a favorable attitude towards vaccination. In March-April 2021, we asked a representative sample of Italian participants (N = 1,530) to assess to what extent they would support the adoption of a COVID-19 vaccination certificate, excluding unvaccinated people from participating in public and cultural events. Furthermore, as the vaccination coverage increases, severe forms of COVID-19 requiring hospitalization more likely involve unvaccinated individuals, who might be perceived as those who don't contribute to ending the pandemic and who constitute a significant health cost for society. We then asked participants to assess to what extent they would favor the idea of requiring people who refuse the vaccine to pay for their own medical expenses in case of hospitalization. We hypothesized that support for the adoption of the vaccination certificate would be predicted by the COVID-19 vaccination status (received, booked, high-, medium-, low-willingness to be vaccinated, or refused) and by the same factors that are known to affect the willingness to get vaccinated. These factors were also tested in a model aimed at investigating if a vaccinated person would favor a measure requiring the unvaccinated individuals to pay for medical expenses. Results confirmed that the support towards the vaccination certificate policy was strongly predicted by the vaccination status and by factors known to affect the willingness to get vaccinated. Interestingly (and surprisingly), a similar pattern was observed for the support of the policy about medical expenses. In conclusion, support for a COVID-19 vaccination certificate was high among the Italian population in the early phases of the vaccination rollout. The findings are discussed considering potential policies to tackle the pandemic.
在意大利，与其他国家一样，如何达到高疫苗接种率仍存在问题，一些国家已经考虑采取增加疫苗接种率的政策。在本研究中，我们关注的是对疫苗接种持积极态度的人群。在 2021 年 3 月至 4 月，我们向意大利的一个有代表性的参与者样本（N=1530）询问，他们在多大程度上支持采用 COVID-19 疫苗接种证书，将未接种疫苗的人排除在公共和文化活动之外。此外，随着疫苗接种率的提高，需要住院治疗的 COVID-19 严重形式更可能涉及未接种疫苗的人，这些人可能被视为那些对结束疫情没有贡献的人，并且给社会带来了巨大的医疗费用。然后，我们要求参与者评估他们在多大程度上赞成要求拒绝接种疫苗的人在住院时支付自己的医疗费用的想法。我们假设，对疫苗接种证书的支持将由 COVID-19 疫苗接种状况（已接种、已预约、高意愿、中等意愿、低意愿或拒绝）以及已知影响接种意愿的相同因素来预测。这些因素也在一个旨在调查接种疫苗的人是否会赞成要求未接种疫苗的人支付医疗费用的措施的模型中进行了测试。结果证实，对疫苗接种证书政策的支持强烈取决于疫苗接种状况以及已知影响接种意愿的因素。有趣的是（也是令人惊讶的），对于支持要求未接种疫苗的人支付医疗费用的政策，也观察到了类似的模式。总之，在疫苗接种推广的早期阶段，意大利民众对 COVID-19 疫苗接种证书的支持率很高。研究结果在考虑应对大流行的潜在政策时进行了讨论。
