Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022 Sep 6;21(1):178. doi: 10.1186/s12933-022-01612-7.
Offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk for acquiring early onset cardiovascular disease (CVD). Arterial stiffness, measured as pulse wave velocity (PWV), is a non-invasive biomarker for CVD risk assessment. Our aim is to determine whether PWV is increased in young adult offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes.
This is a case-control study carried out in the hospital district of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Finland. 75 offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (cases) and 84 offspring of mothers without diabetes (controls), aged 18-23 years, were enrolled in this study. All participants attended clinical assessments, including questionnaires and laboratory tests. Carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV), carotid-radial PWV (crPWV), and PWV ratio were measured from each participant using the Complior Analyse mechanotransducer (Alam Medical, France). Student's t-test and chi-squared test were used to assess differences between the groups. Stata 17.0, StataCorp LP (College Station, TX, USA) statistical package was used for the analysis.
We did not observe any differences in conventional CVD risk factors: systolic blood pressure, LDL, Hb, and smoking between cases and controls. We detected higher cfPWV in cases 6.5 (SD ± 1.2) m/s than in controls 6.2 (SD ± 0.7) m/s, p = 0.049, after adjustments for BMI, smoking, mean arterial pressure, height, and pulse rate was made. We did not observe any difference between cases and controls regarding crPWV or PWV ratio. Additionally, we detected no sex differences.
We report a novel finding of signs of increased arterial stiffness already in young adult offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes compared to matched offspring of mothers without diabetes. Our finding suggests that exposure to an adverse intrauterine environment of type 1 diabetes mothers may affect the vascular health of offspring already in young adulthood. Additional research within this topic is warranted.
患有 1 型糖尿病的母亲的后代发生心血管疾病（CVD）的风险增加。脉搏波速度（PWV）是评估 CVD 风险的非侵入性生物标志物，用于测量动脉僵硬度。我们的目的是确定患有 1 型糖尿病的母亲的成年后代的 PWV 是否增加。
这是在芬兰赫尔辛基和乌西玛地区医院区进行的病例对照研究。这项研究纳入了 75 名患有 1 型糖尿病的母亲的成年后代（病例）和 84 名没有糖尿病的母亲的成年后代（对照），年龄为 18-23 岁。所有参与者均接受了临床评估，包括问卷调查和实验室检查。使用 Complior Analyse 机械换能器（Alam Medical，法国）从每位参与者测量颈股脉搏波速度（cfPWV）、颈桡脉搏波速度（crPWV）和 PWV 比值。使用 Student's t 检验和卡方检验评估组间差异。分析使用 Stata 17.0，StataCorp LP（美国德克萨斯州立大学学院站）统计软件包进行。
我们未观察到病例和对照组之间存在任何传统 CVD 危险因素的差异，包括收缩压、LDL、Hb 和吸烟。在校正 BMI、吸烟、平均动脉压、身高和脉搏率后，我们发现病例组的 cfPWV 为 6.5（SD ± 1.2）m/s，高于对照组的 6.2（SD ± 0.7）m/s，p=0.049。我们未观察到病例和对照组之间 crPWV 或 PWV 比值存在差异。此外，我们未检测到性别差异。
与没有糖尿病的母亲的成年后代相比，我们报告了患有 1 型糖尿病的母亲的成年后代已经存在动脉僵硬度增加的新发现。我们的发现表明，1 型糖尿病母亲的不良宫内环境暴露可能会影响成年后代的血管健康。需要在这一课题内开展更多研究。
