Wu Yingshengnan, Yuan Rong, Wu Yanhong
School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Machine Perception, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China.
Curr Psychol. 2022 Sep 2:1-10. doi: 10.1007/s12144-022-03718-3.
Self-esteem is associated with adaptive adolescent outcomes but tends to decline in adolescence. Parent-teen warmth has been linked to concurrent increases in adolescents' self-esteem while adolescents' conflict with parents is detrimental to their self-esteem in cross-sectional or longitudinal studies. However, it is unknown how adolescents experience of maternal warmth and conflict with mothers are correlated with their daily self-esteem, and whether these associations vary in adolescents' gender, age and family subjective socioeconomic status (SES) from the perspective of Process-Person-Context-Time (PPCT) theory. To address this gap, 293 adolescents ( = 13.88 years, = .62) were recruited from a school, reporting their daily experience of maternal warmth, conflict with mothers and self-esteem by answering checklists for up to 7 days. Multilevel analysis showed that adolescents reported significantly higher self-esteem on days they experienced more warmth or less conflict with mothers than usual. Moreover, maternal warmth was linked to next-day self-esteem positively, yet mother-teen conflict not shown this spill-over effect. Gender, age and subjective SES did not moderate all the daily associations among mother-teen warmth, conflict and self-esteem. Findings suggest that mother-teen interactions play both protective and detrimental role in adolescents' daily self-image and that "good" interaction goes a longer way than "bad" one.
自尊与青少年的适应性结果相关，但在青春期往往会下降。在横断面或纵向研究中，亲子温暖与青少年自尊的同时增加有关，而青少年与父母的冲突则对他们的自尊有害。然而，从过程-人-情境-时间（PPCT）理论的角度来看，青少年对母亲温暖的体验以及与母亲的冲突如何与他们的日常自尊相关，以及这些关联在青少年的性别、年龄和家庭主观社会经济地位（SES）方面是否存在差异，尚不清楚。为了填补这一空白，从一所学校招募了293名青少年（平均年龄=13.88岁，标准差=0.62），他们通过回答长达7天的清单来报告他们对母亲温暖、与母亲冲突和自尊的日常体验。多层次分析表明，与平时相比，青少年在经历更多母亲温暖或更少与母亲冲突的日子里报告的自尊显著更高。此外，母亲的温暖与次日自尊呈正相关，但母子冲突未显示出这种溢出效应。性别、年龄和主观SES并没有调节母子温暖、冲突和自尊之间所有的日常关联。研究结果表明，母子互动在青少年的日常自我形象中既起到保护作用，也起到有害作用，而且“良好”的互动比“不良”互动的影响更持久。
