Department of Neuroimaging Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2022 Dec;76(12):610-619. doi: 10.1111/pcn.13472. Epub 2022 Oct 13.
Recent empirical findings suggest that altered neural synchronization, which is hypothesized to be associated with an imbalance of excitatory (E) and inhibitory (I) neuronal activities, may underlie a core pathophysiological mechanism in patients with schizophrenia. The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) examined by electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) has been proposed as a potential biomarker for evaluating altered neural synchronization in schizophrenia. For this review, we performed a comprehensive literature search for papers published between 1999 and 2021 examining ASSRs in patients with schizophrenia. Almost all EEG-ASSR studies reported gamma-band ASSR reductions, especially to 40-Hz stimuli both in power and/or phase synchronization in chronic and first-episode schizophrenia. In addition, similar to EEG-ASSR findings, MEG-ASSR deficits to 80-Hz stimuli (high gamma) have been reported in patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, the 40-Hz ASSR is likely to be a predictor of the onset of schizophrenia. Notably, increased spontaneous (or ongoing) broadband (30-100 Hz) gamma power has been reported during ASSR tasks, which resembles the increased spontaneous gamma activity reported in animal models of E/I imbalance. Further research on ASSRs and evoked and spontaneous gamma oscillations is expected to elucidate the pathophysiology of schizophrenia with translational implications.
最近的实证研究结果表明，神经同步的改变可能是精神分裂症患者核心病理生理机制的基础，这种改变被假设与兴奋性（E）和抑制性（I）神经元活动的失衡有关。脑电图（EEG）和脑磁图（MEG）检测到的听觉稳态反应（ASSR）被认为是评估精神分裂症中神经同步改变的潜在生物标志物。为此，我们对 1999 年至 2021 年间发表的评估精神分裂症患者 ASSR 的研究进行了全面的文献检索。几乎所有 EEG-ASSR 研究都报告了精神分裂症患者的伽马波段 ASSR 减少，尤其是对慢性和首发精神分裂症的 40-Hz 刺激，无论是在功率还是相位同步方面。此外，与 EEG-ASSR 研究结果相似，精神分裂症患者的 MEG-ASSR 对 80-Hz 刺激（高伽马）也存在缺陷。此外，40-Hz ASSR 可能是精神分裂症发病的预测因子。值得注意的是，在 ASSR 任务期间，报告了自发（或持续）宽带（30-100 Hz）伽马功率增加，这类似于在 E/I 失衡的动物模型中报告的自发伽马活动增加。进一步研究 ASSR 以及诱发和自发的伽马振荡有望阐明精神分裂症的病理生理学，并具有转化意义。
