Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China.
Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Environ Microbiol. 2022 Nov;24(11):5574-5582. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.16186. Epub 2022 Sep 16.
Despite the importance of soil bacterial and fungal communities for ecosystem services and human welfare, how their ecological networks respond to climatic aridity have yet been evaluated. Here, we collected soil samples from 47 sites across 2500 km in coastal and inland areas of eastern Australia with contrasting status of aridity. We found that the diversity of both bacteria and fungi significantly differed between inland and coastal soils. Despite the significant differences in soil nutrient availability and stoichiometry between the inland and coastal regions, aridity was the most important predictor of bacterial and fungal community compositions. Aridity has altered the potential microbial migration rates and further impacted the microbial assembly processes by increasing the importance of stochasticity in bacterial and fungal communities. More importantly, ecological network analysis indicated that aridity enhanced the complexity and stability of the bacterial network but reduced that of the fungal network, possibly due to the contrasting impacts of aridity on the community-level habitat niche breadth and overlaps. Our work paves the way towards a more comprehensive understanding of how climate changes will alter soil microbial communities, which is integral to predicting their long-term consequences for ecosystem sustainability and resilience to future disturbances.
尽管土壤细菌和真菌群落对生态系统服务和人类福祉至关重要，但它们的生态网络对气候干旱的响应仍有待评估。在这里，我们从澳大利亚东部沿海和内陆地区的 47 个地点采集了土壤样本，这些地点跨越了 2500 公里，干旱程度不同。我们发现，内陆和沿海土壤中的细菌和真菌多样性存在显著差异。尽管内陆和沿海地区的土壤养分供应和化学计量存在显著差异，但干旱是细菌和真菌群落组成的最重要预测因子。干旱通过增加细菌和真菌群落中随机性的重要性，改变了潜在微生物迁移率，并进一步影响了微生物组装过程。更重要的是，生态网络分析表明，干旱增强了细菌网络的复杂性和稳定性，但降低了真菌网络的复杂性，这可能是由于干旱对群落水平生境生态位宽度和重叠的影响相反。我们的工作为更全面地了解气候变化将如何改变土壤微生物群落铺平了道路，这对于预测它们对生态系统可持续性的长期影响以及对未来干扰的恢复力至关重要。
