State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Jan 10;907:168048. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168048. Epub 2023 Oct 26.
Dryland covers >35 % of the terrestrial surface and the global extent of dryland increases due to the forecasted increase in aridity driven by climate change. Due to the climate change-driven aridity ecosystems, deserts provide one of the most hostile environments for microbial life and survival. Therefore, a detailed study was carried out to explore the deserts with different aridity levels (exposed to severe climate change) influence on microbial (bacteria, fungi, and protist) diversity patterns, assembly processes, and co-occurrence. The results revealed that the aridity (semi-arid, arid, and hyper-arid) patterns caused distinct changes in environmental heterogeneity in desert ecosystems. Similarly, microbial diversities were also reduced with increasing the aridity pattern, and it was found that environmental heterogeneity is highly involved in affecting microbial diversities under different ecological niches. Interestingly, it was found that certain microbes, including bacterial (Firmicutes), fungal (Sordariomycetes), and protistan (Ciliophora) abundance increased with increasing aridity levels, indicating that these microbes might possess the capability to tolerate the environmental stress conditions. Moreover, microbial community turnover analysis revealed that bacterial diversities followed homogenous selection, whereas fungi and protists were mostly driven by the dispersal limitation pattern. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that hyper-arid and arid conditions tightened the bacterial and fungal communities and had more positive associations compared to protistan. In conclusion, multiple lines of evidence were provided to shed light on the habitat specialization impact on microbial (bacteria, fungi, and protists) communities and composition under different desert ecosystems.
旱地覆盖了超过 35%的陆地表面，由于气候变化导致的干旱预计会增加，全球旱地的范围也在扩大。由于气候变化导致的生态系统干旱，沙漠为微生物生命和生存提供了最恶劣的环境之一。因此，进行了一项详细的研究，以探索不同干旱程度（暴露于剧烈气候变化下）的沙漠对微生物（细菌、真菌和原生生物）多样性模式、组装过程和共存的影响。结果表明，干旱（半干旱、干旱和极干旱）模式导致沙漠生态系统中的环境异质性发生明显变化。同样，微生物多样性也随着干旱模式的增加而降低，并且发现环境异质性高度参与了不同生态位下微生物多样性的影响。有趣的是，发现某些微生物，包括细菌（Firmicutes）、真菌（Sordariomycetes）和原生生物（纤毛虫）的丰度随着干旱程度的增加而增加，这表明这些微生物可能具有耐受环境压力条件的能力。此外，微生物群落周转率分析表明，细菌多样性遵循同质选择，而真菌和原生生物主要受扩散限制模式驱动。共生网络分析表明，与原生生物相比，极干旱和干旱条件使细菌和真菌群落更加紧密，并且具有更多的正关联。总之，提供了多方面的证据，阐明了生境特化对不同沙漠生态系统中微生物（细菌、真菌和原生生物）群落和组成的影响。
