Zhang Qianyun, Zhang Shan, Wu Shu, Madsen Marianne Hjøllund, Shi Shourong
Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, 225125, China.
TripleA a/s, Bjoernkaervej 16, DK-8783, Hornsyld, Denmark.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2022 Sep 8;13(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s40104-022-00749-5.
Research on nutrition in early-life commonly focuses on the maturation of the intestine because the intestinal system is crucial for ensuring continued growth. To explore the importance of early nutrition regulation in animals, soy protein concentrate (SPC) was added to the early diet of broilers to investigate its effects on amino acid digestibility, intestinal development, especially intestinal microorganisms, and broiler metabolites. A total of 192 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) male broilers were randomly assigned to two experimental treatments with 8 replicates of 12 birds. The control group was fed a basal diet (control), and the treatment group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 12% SPC (SPC12) during the first 10 d (starter phase). From d 11 to 21 (grower phase) and d 22 to 42 (finisher phase), a basal diet was fed to both treatment groups.
SPC reduced the pH value and acid-binding capacity of the starter diet (P < 0.05, d 10); SPC in the early diet enhanced the gizzard weight (P < 0.05, d 10 and d 42) and the ileum weight (P < 0.05, d 10) and decreased the weight and length of the jejunum (P < 0.05, d 10) and the relative length of the duodenum and jejunum (P < 0.05, d 10). At the same time, SPC enhanced villus height (P < 0.05, d 10) and muscle thickness in the jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05, d 10) and increased the number of goblet cells in the duodenum (P < 0.05, d 10). Meanwhile, SPC increased the Chao1 index and the ACE index (P < 0.05, d 10) and altered the composition of caecal microflora at d 10. SPC also increased the relative abundance of Alistipes, Anaerotruncus, Erysipelatoclostridium, Intestinimonas and Flavonifractor bacteria (P < 0.05, d 10). At the same time, the concentrations of caecal butyric acid and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were also increased in the SPC12 group (P < 0.05, d 10).
In summary, the results showed that supplementing the starter diet of broilers with SPC has a significant effect on the early development of the intestine and the microflora.
早期营养研究通常聚焦于肠道成熟，因为肠道系统对于确保持续生长至关重要。为探究动物早期营养调控的重要性，在肉鸡早期日粮中添加大豆浓缩蛋白（SPC），以研究其对氨基酸消化率、肠道发育尤其是肠道微生物以及肉鸡代谢产物的影响。将192只1日龄爱拔益加（AA）雄性肉鸡随机分为两个试验处理组，每组8个重复，每个重复12只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮（对照），处理组在最初10天（育雏期）饲喂添加12% SPC的基础日粮（SPC12）。从第11天至21天（生长期）以及第22天至42天（育肥期），两个处理组均饲喂基础日粮。
SPC降低了育雏期日粮的pH值和酸结合能力（P＜0.05，第10天）；早期日粮中的SPC增加了砂囊重量（P＜0.05，第10天和第42天）和回肠重量（P＜0.05，第10天），并降低了空肠重量和长度（P＜0.05，第10天）以及十二指肠和空肠的相对长度（P＜0.05，第10天）。同时，SPC增加了绒毛高度（P＜0.05，第10天）以及空肠和回肠的肌肉厚度（P＜0.05，第10天），并增加了十二指肠杯状细胞数量（P＜0.05，第10天）。此外，SPC增加了Chao1指数和ACE指数（P＜0.05，第10天），并在第10天改变了盲肠微生物群落组成。SPC还增加了阿利斯杆菌属、厌氧短杆菌属、丹毒丝菌属、肠道单胞菌属和黄酮分解菌属细菌的相对丰度（P＜0.05，第10天）。同时，SPC12组盲肠丁酸和总短链脂肪酸（SCFA）浓度也有所增加（P＜0.05，第10天）。
综上所述，结果表明在肉鸡育雏期日粮中添加SPC对肠道早期发育和微生物群落有显著影响。
