Basic Clinical Science and Public health, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
Tokai J Exp Clin Med. 2022 Sep 20;47(3):139-142.
The worldwide pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 and its B.1.1.529 variant, Omicron, remain a threat to health. In Japan, self-isolation in a room at home has been recommended in some prefectures to reduce the burden on hospitals. With the aim of preventing the infection of family members in other rooms, this study quantified the risk of infection by airborne transmission to mask-wearing, non-infected members of the household.
A mathematical modeling approach was used to estimate the risk of airborne infection.
For pre-SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC), the risk of infection of non-mask-wearing family members had an LN distribution with GM of 0.11, GD of 5.38, and median of 0.11; whereas that of mask-wearing members had an LN distribution with GM of 0.05, GD of 5.46, and median of 0.05. For Delta variant, the risk of infection of non-mask-wearing family members had an LN distribution with GM of 0.39, GD of 76.30, and median of 0.40, and that of mask-wearing members had an LN distribution with GM of 0.18, GD of 76.30, and median of 0.18. The difference of these medians was 0.22, which suggests that family members wearing masks is effective for preventing infection, even for highly infectious variants.
SARS-CoV-2 及其 B.1.1.529 变异株，奥密克戎，在全球范围内仍是健康威胁。在日本，一些县建议在家中的单独房间内进行自我隔离，以减轻医院的负担。本研究旨在预防其他房间内家庭成员感染，量化了通过空气传播感染戴口罩、未感染家庭成员的风险。
采用数学建模方法来估计空气传播感染的风险。
对于 SARS-CoV-2 前关注变异株（VOC），未佩戴口罩的家庭成员感染的风险呈 LN 分布，GM 为 0.11，GD 为 5.38，中位数为 0.11；而佩戴口罩的家庭成员的风险呈 LN 分布，GM 为 0.05，GD 为 5.46，中位数为 0.05。对于 Delta 变异株，未佩戴口罩的家庭成员感染的风险呈 LN 分布，GM 为 0.39，GD 为 76.30，中位数为 0.40，而佩戴口罩的家庭成员的风险呈 LN 分布，GM 为 0.18，GD 为 76.30，中位数为 0.18。这些中位数的差异为 0.22，这表明即使对于高度传染性的变异株，家庭成员佩戴口罩也能有效预防感染。
