Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment and Agricultural Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530000, China.
Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2022 Nov;109(5):823-830. doi: 10.1007/s00128-022-03609-0. Epub 2022 Sep 8.
Studying the bioaccumulation behavior and toxicity of triazole fungicides is a crucial part of comprehensively evaluating the environmental fate and aquatic toxicity.The current research aimed to reveal the toxic effects of propiconazole and difenoconazole on fish through acute toxicity test, bioaccumulation test and oxidase system activity determination. Here, the propiconazole and difenoconazole concentrations were 11.3 mg/L and 31.2 mg/L for LC-96 h, both having low toxicity. LC-MS/MS was used to determine the propiconazole and difenoconazole concentrations in five organs (muscle, gill, liver, intestine, and kidney) of Procypris meru. The findings indicate that the bioconcentration coefficients of propiconazole and difenoconazole in grass flower carp were 0.66-27.08 and 2.43-22.72, which belonged to medium enrichment pesticides. The bioconcentration coefficients decreased with the increase of exposure concentration. The two fungicides could induce oxidative stress in fish liver, and the activities of three antioxidant enzymes were inhibited in varying degrees (p < 0.05). The results showed that the content of T3 increased, and T4 decreased when exposed to one-tenth LC for 7 days. This study shows that triazole pesticides have bioaccumulation risks on aquatic organisms and clear environmental hormonal effects.
研究三唑类杀菌剂的生物积累行为和毒性是全面评估其环境归宿和水生毒性的关键部分。本研究旨在通过急性毒性试验、生物积累试验和氧化酶系统活性测定，揭示丙环唑和吡虫啉对鱼类的毒性作用。在本研究中，丙环唑和吡虫啉的 LC96 值分别为 11.3mg/L 和 31.2mg/L，均具有低毒性。采用 LC-MS/MS 法测定了丙环唑和吡虫啉在五道（肌肉、鳃、肝、肠和肾）中的浓度。结果表明，丙环唑和吡虫啉在草鱼中的生物浓缩系数为 0.66-27.08 和 2.43-22.72，属于中等富集农药。生物浓缩系数随暴露浓度的增加而降低。这两种杀菌剂均可诱导鱼肝氧化应激，三种抗氧化酶活性不同程度地受到抑制（p<0.05）。结果表明，暴露于十分之一 LC 浓度 7 天后，T3 含量增加，T4 含量减少。本研究表明，三唑类农药对水生生物具有生物蓄积风险，并具有明显的环境激素效应。
