Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico la Fe de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
CIBERES de enfermedades respiratorias, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2022 Sep 8;32(1):33. doi: 10.1038/s41533-022-00297-5.
Bronchiectasis is the third most common chronic inflammatory airway disease, after chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma with a prevalence clearly underestimated probably because of its clinical similitudes with other chronic airway diseases. Bronchiectasis can be caused by a dozen of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary diseases and a variable number and severity of exacerbations can appear throughout its natural history, usually with an infectious profile. The dilation of the airway and the inflammation/infection is their radiological and pathophysiological hallmarks. Primary Care should play an important play in many aspects of the bronchiectasis assessment. In this article, we will try to offer a series of important concepts and practical tips on some key aspects of the diagnosis and management of bronchiectasis in Primary Care: clinical suspicion, diagnostic methods, severity assessment, overlap with asthma and COPD and microbiological and therapeutic aspects.
支气管扩张是仅次于慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)和哮喘的第三大常见慢性炎症性气道疾病,其患病率显然被低估了,可能是因为其与其他慢性气道疾病具有相似的临床特征。支气管扩张可由十几种肺部和肺外疾病引起,在其自然病史中可能会出现不同数量和严重程度的恶化,通常具有感染特征。气道扩张和炎症/感染是其放射学和病理生理学的特征。初级保健应在支气管扩张评估的许多方面发挥重要作用。在本文中,我们将尝试提供一些有关初级保健中支气管扩张诊断和管理的关键方面的重要概念和实用提示:临床怀疑、诊断方法、严重程度评估、与哮喘和 COPD 的重叠以及微生物学和治疗方面。