Vásquez-Calderón Piera, Abarca Alejandro, Durán L René, Oliva Doris
Centro de Investigación y Gestión de Recursos Naturales (CIGREN), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile.
Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Aug 26;12(17):2192. doi: 10.3390/ani12172192.
The effect of sperm ratio on fertilization was evaluated in five sperm:oocytes treatments (10:1, 50:1, 100:1, 500:1 and 1000:1), the effect of temperature on embryonic and larval development in three temperature treatments (13 °C, 16 °C and 19 °C) was recorded and the duration of each stage, the growth rate and survival rate were registered. The oocytes were spherical (67.5 ± 4.2 μm) with a defined nucleus. Spermatozoa had a circular head (2 μm) and a fusiform flagellum (12 μm). The 500:1 sperm:oocytes treatment presented the lowest % of unfertilized oocytes, and lysis was observed in the 1000:1 treatment. An inverse relationship was observed between temperature and the duration of the stages of embryonic development. At 16 °C, veliger D larvae were observed at 41 h 45' pf (88 ± 13.0 μm). Umbonate larvae were obtained at day 16 in the 13 °C culture and at day 10 in the 16 °C and 19 °C treatment (140 μm). On day 16 of culture, advanced umbonate larvae with a well-defined stomach (235 μm) were observed. The larval growth rate was higher in the 19 °C treatment (3.6 μm day) than the 13 °C and 16 °C treatment (2, 2.2 μm day). The mortality was higher in the 19 °C treatment (91%). These results are an initial contribution towards the culture of as part of small-scale aquaculture in South America.
在五种精子与卵母细胞比例处理组（10:1、50:1、100:1、500:1和1000:1）中评估了精子比例对受精的影响，记录了三种温度处理组（13℃、16℃和19℃）中温度对胚胎和幼体发育的影响，并记录了各阶段的持续时间、生长速率和存活率。卵母细胞呈球形（67.5±4.2μm），有明确的细胞核。精子有圆形头部（2μm）和梭形鞭毛（12μm）。500:1精子与卵母细胞处理组的未受精卵母细胞百分比最低，在1000:1处理组中观察到了裂解现象。观察到温度与胚胎发育阶段的持续时间呈负相关。在16℃时，在受精后41小时45分钟观察到面盘幼虫D（88±13.0μm）。在13℃培养条件下，第16天获得具缘幼虫，在16℃和19℃处理组中第10天获得具缘幼虫（140μm）。在培养第16天，观察到具有明确胃的晚期具缘幼虫（235μm）。19℃处理组的幼体生长速率（3.6μm/天）高于13℃和16℃处理组（2、2.2μm/天）。19℃处理组的死亡率较高（91%）。这些结果是对作为南美洲小规模水产养殖一部分的[物种名称未给出]养殖的初步贡献。
