UCD Perinatal Research Centre, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Midwifery, National Maternity Hospital, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 30;19(17):10791. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710791.
Exercise is often recommended in addition to diet and medication in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Our aim was to determine if strength training compared with aerobic exercise had an impact on glycaemic control, maternal and neonatal outcomes. The Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey were searched. Over 758 pregnant women (mother-baby pairs) from 14 studies are included in this systematic review. Interventions ranged from cycling, aerobic exercises, walking, yoga, or combined aerobic and resistance exercises. Of the studies identified, none directly compared aerobic exercise with strength training. Half of the studies showed benefit in glycaemic control with additional exercise compared with usual physical activity. There was largely no impact on obstetric or neonatal outcomes. Studies on exercise in GDM have reiterated the safety of exercise in pregnancy and shown mixed effects on maternal glycaemic control, with no apparent impact on pregnancy outcomes. The heterogenicity of reported studies make it difficult to make specific recommendations on the optimum exercise modality for the management of GDM. The use of a core outcome set for GDM may improve reporting of studies on the role of exercise in its management.
运动通常被建议作为妊娠糖尿病（GDM）管理的饮食和药物治疗的补充。我们的目的是确定与有氧运动相比，力量训练对血糖控制、母婴结局的影响。我们检索了 Cochrane 图书馆、Embase、PubMed、CINAHL、Medline、Google Scholar 和 OpenGrey。这项系统评价纳入了来自 14 项研究的超过 758 名孕妇（母婴对）。干预措施包括骑自行车、有氧运动、散步、瑜伽或结合有氧运动和阻力运动。在确定的研究中，没有一项直接比较有氧运动和力量训练。一半的研究表明，与常规体力活动相比，额外的运动对血糖控制有好处。对产科或新生儿结局几乎没有影响。GDM 运动研究重申了妊娠期间运动的安全性，并对母体血糖控制产生了混合影响，对妊娠结局没有明显影响。报告研究的异质性使得很难对 GDM 管理的最佳运动方式提出具体建议。GDM 的核心结局集的使用可能会提高关于运动在其管理中的作用的研究报告。
