Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 5;19(17):11104. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191711104.
The COVID-19 pandemic is a current emergency worldwide. All the consequent changes in sanitary systems have negatively affected the work-life balance. In particular, healthcare workers suffered from anxiety, stress, and depression, mostly nurses compared to physicians. To handle this situation, the adoption of different coping strategies has played a strategic role in psychophysical wellbeing. Our main goal is to the assess the perception of work environment and wellbeing (EQ-5D questionnaire), as well as to analyze possible differences in coping styles between physicians and nurses (brief COPE questionnaire). The arising differences were compared between the two groups, and associations with variables were assessed through a bivariate correlation analysis. This cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December 2020 through an online survey. A total of 172 respondents (117 physicians and 55 nurses), of which 102 were women and 70 were men, accepted to join the study. Our results showed that physicians referred a higher perception of wellbeing, and nurses reported an increased perception of work activity and efficiency, along with an unchanged economic status. The most frequently adopted coping strategies were Active and Planning (self-sufficient coping). Physicians showed a greater tendency to use avoidant coping strategies. More-experienced nurses and physicians were less prone to adopt socially supported coping strategies, emphasizing the need for novel organizational measures at the social dimension that favored sharing and interaction between peers. Future research should aim to further investigate the relationship between the perception of work environment and coping strategies in order to identify risk factors to be prevented by promoting adequate measures at an organizational level.
新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情是当前全球范围内的紧急情况。所有随之而来的卫生系统变化都对工作与生活的平衡产生了负面影响。特别是，医护人员出现了焦虑、压力和抑郁，与医生相比，护士受影响更大。为了应对这种情况，采用不同的应对策略在心理生理健康方面发挥了重要作用。我们的主要目标是评估工作环境和幸福感（EQ-5D 问卷）的感知，以及分析医生和护士之间应对方式的可能差异（简要应对方式问卷）。在两组之间比较出现的差异，并通过双变量相关分析评估与变量的关联。这项横断面研究于 2020 年 11 月至 12 月通过在线调查进行。共有 172 名受访者（117 名医生和 55 名护士），其中 102 名是女性，70 名是男性，他们同意参加这项研究。我们的结果表明，医生的幸福感感知较高，而护士报告工作活动和效率的感知增加，同时经济状况保持不变。最常采用的应对策略是积极和计划（自我维持应对）。医生表现出更倾向于采用回避应对策略。经验更丰富的护士和医生较少采用社会支持应对策略，这强调了在社会层面需要采取新的组织措施，有利于同事之间的分享和互动。未来的研究应旨在进一步调查工作环境感知和应对策略之间的关系，以确定通过在组织层面促进适当措施来预防的风险因素。
