Valente Mariarosaria, Garbo Riccardo, Filippi Francesca, Antonutti Alice, Ceccarini Veronica, Tereshko Yan, Di Lorenzo Cherubino, Gigli Gian Luigi
Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy.
Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2022 Aug 23;11(17):4946. doi: 10.3390/jcm11174946.
The ketogenic diet (KD) is gaining attention as a preventive treatment for migraine, which is sustained by many pre-clinical and clinical data. KD is also used for weight loss, and there is a relation between migraine and weight excess, but it is speculated that KD efficacy on migraine may go beyond this effect. We conducted a retrospective observational study on 23 migraine patients who received a KD and were evaluated at the baseline and then after 3 months both from a neurological and a nutritional point of view, including body mass composition analysis. We observed a reduction in monthly headache days (12.5 ± 9.5 vs. 6.7 ± 8.6; p < 0.001) and in days of acute medication intake (11.06 ± 9.37 vs. 4.93 ± 7.99; p = 0.008). We also observed a reduction in patients’ weight (73.8 ± 15.2 vs. 68.4 ± 14.6; p < 0.001) and BMI (26.9 ± 6.2 vs. 23.7 ± 8.1; p < 0.001) with a decrement of the fat mass (28.6 ± 12.5 vs. 20.6 ± 9.8; p < 0.001). Patients who responded to KD and those who did not had no differences with respect to weight or fat mass loss. These data corroborate the utilization of KD as a preventive treatment for migraine and suggest that the efficacy of such an intervention is not only due to weight or fat mass loss but probably relies on other mechanisms specific to KD.
生酮饮食（KD）作为偏头痛的预防性治疗方法正受到关注，许多临床前和临床数据都支持这一点。KD也被用于减肥，且偏头痛与超重之间存在关联，但据推测，KD对偏头痛的疗效可能不止于此。我们对23名接受KD治疗的偏头痛患者进行了一项回顾性观察研究，从神经学和营养学角度，包括身体成分分析，在基线时以及3个月后对他们进行了评估。我们观察到每月头痛天数减少（12.5±9.5对6.7±8.6；p<0.001）以及急性药物摄入天数减少（11.06±9.37对4.93±7.99；p = 0.008）。我们还观察到患者体重（73.8±15.2对68.4±14.6；p<0.001）和体重指数（BMI）（26.9±6.2对23.7±8.1；p<0.001）下降，同时脂肪量减少（28.6±12.5对20.6±9.8；p<0.001）。对KD有反应的患者和无反应的患者在体重或脂肪量减少方面没有差异。这些数据证实了KD可作为偏头痛的预防性治疗方法，并表明这种干预措施的疗效不仅归因于体重或脂肪量的减少，可能还依赖于KD特有的其他机制。
