通过抗氧化刺激方法减轻L.中的除草剂毒性

Alleviation of Herbicide Toxicity in L.-An Antioxidant Stimulation Approach.

作者信息

Ibrahim Rashid I H, Alkhudairi Ubai A, Alhusayni Sultan A S

机构信息

Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.

Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, PC 11115, Khartoum P.O. Box 321, Sudan.

出版信息

Plants (Basel). 2022 Aug 30;11(17):2261. doi: 10.3390/plants11172261.

DOI:10.3390/plants11172261

PMID:36079642

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9459734/

Abstract

Application of the herbicide glyphosate in crops is a common practice among farmers around the world. Tomato is one of the crops that are treated with glyphosate to fight weed growth and loss of crop. However, tomato plants often show phytotoxic effects from glyphosate. In this study, the ability of pongamia oil derived from Pongamia pinnata (known also as Millettia pinnata) tree to alleviate the herbicide glyphosate toxicity effects in tomato (S.lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-tom) plants was tested. Tomato plants were treated with a mixture of a dose of (GLY) glyphosate (10 mg kg−1) and different doses of pongamia oil (PO) foliar spray (5, 10, 50, and 100 mM) and compared with the herbicide or oil control (glyphosate 10 mg kg−1 or pongamia oil PO 50 mM). Some morphological features, non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants, and gene expression were observed. Glyphosate-treated plants sprayed with PO 50 mM (GLY + PO 50) showed increased root biomass (0.28 g-p ≤ 0.001), shoot biomass (1.2 g-p ≤ 0.01), H2O2 (68 nmol/g), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; 40 mg-p ≤ 0.001), catalase (CAT; 81.21 mg-p ≤ 0.05), ascorbate peroxidase (APX; 80 mg-p ≤ 0.01) and glutathione reductase (GR; 53 min/mg-F4,20 = 15.88, p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, these plants showed reduced contents of Malondialdehyde (MDA; 30 nmol/g-F4,20 = 18.55, p ≤ 0.01), O2 (0.6 Abs/g), Prolne (Pro; 345 µg/g), Glutathine (GSH; 341 nmol/mg-p ≤ 0.001), ascorbate (AsA; 1.8 µmol/gm), ascorbic acid (AA; 1.62 mg-p ≤ 0.05) and dehydroascorbate (DHAR; 0.32 mg p ≤ 0.05). The gene expression analysis was conducted for seven oxidative stress related genes besides the house-keeping gene Actin as a reference. The gene CYP1A1450 showed the highest mRNA expression level (6.8 fold ± 0.4) in GLY-treated tomato plants, whereas GLY-treated plants + PO 50 showed 2.9 fold. The study concluded that foliar spray of 50 mM pongamia oil alleviated the toxic effects of glyphosate on tomato plants in the form of increased root and shoot biomass, SOD, CAT, APX, and GR activity, while reduced MDA, O2, Pro, GSH, AsA, AA, DHAR, and gene CYP1A1450 expression.

摘要

在全球各地的农民中，在作物上施用除草剂草甘膦是一种常见做法。番茄是使用草甘膦来防治杂草生长和作物损失的作物之一。然而，番茄植株常常表现出草甘膦的植物毒性效应。在本研究中，测试了从水黄皮树（也称为羽叶决明）中提取的水黄皮油减轻除草剂草甘膦对番茄（S.lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-tom）植株毒性效应的能力。用一定剂量的（GLY）草甘膦（10 mg kg−1）与不同剂量的水黄皮油（PO）进行叶面喷施（5、10、50和100 mM）的混合物处理番茄植株，并与除草剂或油对照（草甘膦10 mg kg−1或水黄皮油PO 50 mM）进行比较。观察了一些形态特征、非酶和酶抗氧化剂以及基因表达情况。喷施50 mM PO（GLY + PO 50）的草甘膦处理植株表现出根生物量增加（0.28 g - p≤0.001）、地上部生物量增加（1.2 g - p≤0.01）、H2O2增加（68 nmol/g）以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD；40 mg - p≤0.001）、过氧化氢酶（CAT；81.21 mg - p≤0.05）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX；80 mg - p≤0.01）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR；53 min/mg - F4,20 = 15.88，p≤0.05）的活性增加。相比之下，这些植株的丙二醛（MDA；30 nmol/g - F4,20 = 18.55，p≤0.01）、O2（0.6 Abs/g）、脯氨酸（Pro；345 µg/g）、谷胱甘肽（GSH；341 nmol/mg - p≤0.001）、抗坏血酸（AsA；1.8 µmol/gm）、抗坏血酸（AA；1.62 mg - p≤0.05）和脱氢抗坏血酸（DHAR；0.32 mg p≤0.05）含量降低。除持家基因肌动蛋白作为参照外，还对七个与氧化应激相关的基因进行了基因表达分析。基因CYP1A1450在草甘膦处理的番茄植株中显示出最高的mRNA表达水平（6.8倍±0.4），而草甘膦处理植株 + PO 50显示为2.9倍。该研究得出结论，叶面喷施50 mM水黄皮油以根和地上部生物量增加、SOD、CAT、APX和GR活性增加的形式减轻了草甘膦对番茄植株的毒性效应，同时降低了MDA、O2、Pro、GSH、AsA、AA、DHAR和基因CYP1A1450的表达。