Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box 7, Palestine.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box 7, Palestine.
Molecules. 2022 Sep 5;27(17):5721. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175721.
leaves are widely used in traditional medicine for relieving some cardiovascular, dental, gastrointestinal, and respiratory disorders. They are also used as food and tea additives in Palestine and many other countries. Consequently, this investigation aimed to describe the chemical markers, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, metabolic, and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes inhibitory characteristics of essential oil (PGEO) from Palestine utilizing reference methods. There were 70 chemicals found in the GCMS analysis, and oxygenated terpenoids were the most abundant group of the total PGEO. Citronellol (24.44%), citronellyl formate (15.63%), -eudesmol (7.60%), and iso-menthone (7.66%) were the dominant chemical markers. The EO displayed strong antioxidant activity (IC = 3.88 ± 0.45 µg/mL) and weak lipase and α-amylase suppressant effects. Notably, the PGEO displayed high α-glucosidase inhibitory efficacy compared with Acarbose, with IC doses of 52.44 ± 0.29 and 37.15 ± 0.33 µg/mL, respectively. PGEO remarkably repressed the growth of methicillin-resistant (MRSA), even more than Ampicillin and Ciprofloxacin, and strongly inhibited compared with Fluconazole. The highest cytotoxic effect of the PGEO was noticed against MCF-7, followed by Hep3B and HeLa cancer cells, with IC doses of 32.71 ± 1.25, 40.71 ± 1.89, and 315.19 ± 20.5 µg/mL, respectively, compared with doxorubicin. Moreover, the screened EO demonstrated selective inhibitory activity against COX-1 (IC = 14.03 µg/mL). Additionally, PGEO showed a weak suppressant effect on COX-2 (IC = 275.97 µg/mL). The current research can be considered the most comprehensive investigation of the chemical and pharmacological characterization of the PGEO. The results obtained in this study demonstrate, without doubt, that this plant represents a rich source of bioactive substances that can be further investigated and authenticated for their medicinal potential.
叶片在传统医学中被广泛用于缓解一些心血管、牙科、胃肠道和呼吸道疾病。它们也被用作巴勒斯坦和许多其他国家的食品和茶添加剂。因此，本研究旨在利用参考方法描述来自巴勒斯坦的精油（PGEO）的化学标志物、细胞毒性、抗氧化、抗菌、代谢和环氧化酶（COX）酶抑制特性。GCMS 分析发现了 70 种化学物质，含氧萜烯是 PGEO 总量中最丰富的一组。香茅醇（24.44%）、香茅酸甲酯（15.63%）、-桉叶醇（7.60%）和异薄荷酮（7.66%）是主要的化学标志物。该精油表现出很强的抗氧化活性（IC = 3.88 ± 0.45 µg/mL）和较弱的脂肪酶和 α-淀粉酶抑制作用。值得注意的是，PGEO 对 α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用明显优于阿卡波糖，IC 剂量分别为 52.44 ± 0.29 和 37.15 ± 0.33 µg/mL。PGEO 显著抑制了耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的生长，甚至比氨苄西林和环丙沙星更有效，并且对氟康唑的抑制作用也更强。PGEO 对 MCF-7 细胞的细胞毒性作用最强，其次是 Hep3B 和 HeLa 癌细胞，IC 剂量分别为 32.71 ± 1.25、40.71 ± 1.89 和 315.19 ± 20.5 µg/mL，与多柔比星相比。此外，筛选出的精油对 COX-1 （IC = 14.03 µg/mL）表现出选择性抑制活性。此外，PGEO 对 COX-2 （IC = 275.97 µg/mL）表现出较弱的抑制作用。本研究可以被认为是对 PGEO 的化学和药理学特征的最全面研究。研究结果无疑表明，这种植物是生物活性物质的丰富来源，可以进一步研究和验证其药用潜力。
