Wang Yoko Brigitte, Page Amanda J, Gill Tiffany K, Melaku Yohannes Adama
Vagal Afferent Research Group, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Nutrition, Diabetes and Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Front Nutr. 2022 Aug 23;9:977029. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.977029. eCollection 2022.
Evidence investigating associations between dietary and nutrient patterns and inflammatory biomarkers is inconsistent and scarce. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association of dietary and nutrient patterns with inflammation.
Overall, 1,792 participants from the North-West Adelaide Health Study were included in this cross-sectional study. We derived dietary and nutrient patterns from food frequency questionnaire data using principal component analysis. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression determined the association between dietary and nutrient patterns and the grade of inflammation (normal, moderate, and severe) based on C-reactive protein (CRP) values. Subgroup analyses were stratified by gender, obesity and metabolic health status.
In the fully adjusted model, a plant-sourced nutrient pattern (NP) was strongly associated with a lower grade of inflammation in men (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.38-0.93, -trend = 0.08), obesity (OR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.24-0.77, -trend = 0.03) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.11-0.52, -trend = 0.01). A mixed NP was positively associated with higher grade of inflammation (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 0.99-1.84, -trend = 0.03) in all participants. A prudent dietary pattern was inversely associated with a lower grade of inflammation (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52-1.01, -trend = 0.14). In contrast, a western dietary pattern and animal-sourced NP were associated with a higher grade of inflammation in the all participants although BMI attenuated the magnitude of association (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.55-1.25; and OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.63-1.39, respectively) in the fully adjusted model.
A plant-sourced NP was independently associated with lower inflammation. The association was stronger in men, and those classified as obese and metabolically unhealthy obese. Increasing consumption of plant-based foods may mitigate obesity-induced inflammation and its consequences.
关于饮食和营养模式与炎症生物标志物之间关联的证据并不一致且较为匮乏。因此，我们旨在确定饮食和营养模式与炎症之间的关联。
本横断面研究纳入了来自西北阿德莱德健康研究的1792名参与者。我们使用主成分分析从食物频率问卷数据中得出饮食和营养模式。多变量有序逻辑回归基于C反应蛋白（CRP）值确定饮食和营养模式与炎症等级（正常、中度和重度）之间的关联。亚组分析按性别、肥胖和代谢健康状况进行分层。
在完全调整模型中，植物源营养模式（NP）与男性较低的炎症等级（比值比[OR]=0.59，95%置信区间[CI]：0.38 - 0.93，趋势=-0.08）、肥胖（OR = 0.43；95% CI：0.24 - 0.77，趋势=-0.03）以及代谢不健康肥胖（OR = 0.24；95% CI：0.11 - 0.52，趋势=-0.01）密切相关。在所有参与者中，混合NP与较高的炎症等级呈正相关（OR = 1.35；95% CI：0.99 - 1.84，趋势=0.03）。谨慎的饮食模式与较低的炎症等级呈负相关（OR = 0.72，95% CI：0.52 - 1.01，趋势=-0.14）。相比之下，西方饮食模式和动物源NP与所有参与者较高的炎症等级相关，尽管在完全调整模型中体重指数（BMI）减弱了关联强度（分别为OR = 0.83，95% CI：0.55 - 1.25；以及OR = 0.94，95% CI：0.63 - 1.39）。
植物源NP与较低炎症独立相关。这种关联在男性以及被归类为肥胖和代谢不健康肥胖的人群中更强。增加植物性食物的摄入量可能减轻肥胖引起的炎症及其后果。
