University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
University of South Carolina, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, SC, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 May 1;115(5):1344-1356. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab398.
Mechanisms linking a proinflammatory diet to obesity remain under investigation. The ability of diet to influence the gut microbiome (GM) in creating chronic low-grade systemic inflammation provides a plausible connection to adiposity.
Assess whether any associations seen between the Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII score), total fat mass, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), or liver fat (percentage volume) operated through the GM or microbial related inflammatory factors, in a multiethnic cross-sectional study.
In the Multiethnic Cohort-Adiposity Phenotype Study (812 men, 843 women, aged 60-77 y) we tested whether associations between the E-DII and total adiposity, VAT, and liver fat function through the GM, LPS, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). DXA-derived total fat mass, MRI-measured VAT, and MRI-based liver fat were measured. Participants provided stool and fasting blood samples and completed an FFQ. Stool bacterial DNA was amplified and the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced at the V1-V3 region. E-DII score was computed from FFQ data, with a higher E-DII representing a more proinflammatory diet. The associations between E-DII score, GM (10 phyla, 28 genera, α diversity), and adiposity phenotypes were examined using linear regression and mediation analyses, adjusting for confounders.
There were positive total effects (c) between E-DII and total fat mass (c = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.90), VAT (c = 4.61; 95% CI: 2.95, 6.27), and liver fat (c = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.53). The association between E-DII score and total fat mass was mediated by LPS, Flavonifractor, [Ruminococcus] gnavus group, and Tyzzerella. The association between E-DII score and ectopic fat occurred indirectly through Fusobacteria, Christensenellaceae R-7 group, Coprococcus 2, Escherichia-Shigella, [Eubacterium] xylanophilum group, Flavonifractor, Lachnoclostridium, [Ruminococcus] gnavus group, Tyzzerella, [Ruminococcus] gnavus group (VAT only), and α diversity (liver fat only). There was no significant association between E-DII score and adiposity phenotype through hs-CRP.
Associations found between E-DII and adiposity phenotypes occurred through the GM and LPS.
将促炎饮食与肥胖联系起来的机制仍在研究中。饮食影响肠道微生物组（GM）以产生慢性低度全身炎症的能力为肥胖提供了一个合理的联系。
在一项多民族横断面研究中，评估能量调整饮食炎症指数（E-DII 评分）与总脂肪量、内脏脂肪组织（VAT）或肝脂肪（体积百分比）之间的任何关联是否通过 GM 或微生物相关炎症因子起作用。
在多民族队列-肥胖表型研究（812 名男性，843 名女性，年龄 60-77 岁）中，我们测试了 E-DII 与总脂肪量、VAT 和肝脂肪之间的关联是否通过 GM、LPS 和高敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）起作用。使用 DXA 测量总脂肪量、MRI 测量 VAT 和基于 MRI 的肝脂肪。参与者提供粪便和空腹血样，并完成了一份 FFQ。扩增粪便细菌 DNA，并在 V1-V3 区对 16S rRNA 基因进行测序。E-DII 评分由 FFQ 数据计算得出，E-DII 评分越高代表饮食越促炎。使用线性回归和中介分析，调整混杂因素后，研究了 E-DII 评分、GM（10 个门、28 个属、α 多样性）与肥胖表型之间的关联。
E-DII 与总脂肪量（c=0.68；95%CI：0.47, 0.90）、VAT（c=4.61；95%CI：2.95, 6.27）和肝脂肪（c=0.40；95%CI：0.27, 0.53）之间存在正总效应（c）。E-DII 评分与总脂肪量之间的关联通过 LPS、Flavonifractor、[Ruminococcus] gnavus 组和 Tyzzerella 介导。E-DII 评分与异位脂肪的关联通过 Fusobacteria、Christensenellaceae R-7 组、Coprococcus 2、Escherichia-Shigella、[Eubacterium] xylanophilum 组、Flavonifractor、Lachnoclostridium、[Ruminococcus] gnavus 组、Tyzzerella、[Ruminococcus] gnavus 组（仅 VAT）和 α 多样性（仅肝脂肪）间接发生。E-DII 评分与 hs-CRP 之间不存在与肥胖表型相关的显著关联。
E-DII 与肥胖表型之间的关联通过 GM 和 LPS 发生。
