Luo Chunchou, Yang Yanzhen, Li Peiling, Chen Xiangui, Cai Mengyun, Wang Yijun
Department of Pediatrics, Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou City, Fujian, China.
Department of Oncology, Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou City, Fujian, China.
Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2022 Aug;39(4):675-681. doi: 10.5114/ada.2021.108420. Epub 2021 Aug 13.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of admission to nursery on the incidence of acute upper respiratory infection (AURI) in healthy preschool children, analyse the aetiology of AURI, and provide reference for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Pharyngeal swab samples were dynamically collected from 119 healthy preschool children who were first time admitted to a local public nursery for multiple etiological detection to explore the time of the first occurrence of AURI after admission to the nursery and the causes of infection. The effect of nursery on pathogen colonization in the pharynx in preschool children was also analysed.
A total of 91 children developed AURI in the nursery. There was a significant difference between genders (χ = 4.078, = 0.043). The common pathogens of AURI showed a concentrated distribution. The proportions of bacterial, mycoplasma, and viral infections were 51.65%, 15.38%, and 12.09%, respectively, of which the proportions of mixed infection of two bacteria and mixed infection of bacteria and non-bacteria were 5.50% and 5.50%, respectively. A total of 28 children did not develop AURI in the nursery. There was no significant difference in the number of pathogens in the pharynx between the results before and after admission to the nursery ( = 0.700, = 0.488).
Collective living in the nursery causes a concentrated incidence of AURI in preschool children and has no effect on pathogen colonization in the pharynx in uninfected children. Bacteria are the main pathogen of AURI. The health education of children in nurseries needs to be strengthened to avoid the cross-infection in the population.
本研究旨在探讨入托对健康学龄前儿童急性上呼吸道感染（AURI）发病率的影响，分析AURI的病因，为其临床诊断和治疗提供参考。
动态收集119名首次进入当地公办托儿所的健康学龄前儿童的咽拭子样本，进行多种病因检测，以探究入托后首次发生AURI的时间及感染原因。还分析了托儿所对学龄前儿童咽部病原菌定植的影响。
共有91名儿童在托儿所发生了AURI。性别之间存在显著差异（χ = 4.078，P = 0.043）。AURI的常见病原体呈集中分布。细菌、支原体和病毒感染的比例分别为51.65%、15.38%和12.09%，其中两种细菌混合感染及细菌与非细菌混合感染的比例分别为5.50%和5.50%。共有28名儿童在托儿所未发生AURI。入托前后咽部病原体数量无显著差异（P = 0.700，P = 0.488）。
在托儿所集体生活导致学龄前儿童AURI集中发病，对未感染儿童咽部病原菌定植无影响。细菌是AURI的主要病原体。需要加强托儿所儿童的健康教育，避免人群中的交叉感染。
