Homøe P, Prag J, Olsen C B, Farholt S
Dept. of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 1998 Jan;57(1):32-9.
We have systematically studied the aerobic nasopharyngeal bacteria isolated from swabs by unselective subculturing on 5% horse blood agar and chocolate agar in 70 healthy children aged 0-1, 3-5 and 8 years in Nuuk and Sisimiut, Greenland. The purpose was to provide a basis for a better understanding of the infectious pathology and blind antibiotic treatment against potential pathogens thereby improving standard antimicrobial treatment of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and otitis media (OM) among children in Greenland. The study serves also as a baseline for future microbiological and immunological research projects. The children were clinically examined for any infectious diseases and a medical history was obtained which allowed for selection of children without a history of severe clinical infection. Nasopharyngeal swabs obtained via the oral route were instantly spread on 5% blood agar and chocolate agar culture plates and incubated aerobically. Subsequently, potentially pathogenic as well as non-pathogenic bacteria were identified by conventional methods. Healthy children in Greenland carry grossly the same aerobic bacterial flora as children in other parts of the world but potentially pathogenic bacteria were found in very high frequency (94%). Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis were found in higher frequencies in the youngest children. Haemophilus influenzae non-b was found in high frequencies in all age groups (67-76%). H. influenzae type b was carried by 11.4%. Group A streptococci were found more frequently in older children and in children from Sisimiut. Of M. catarrhalis strains 88% produced beta-lactamase. Neisseria meningitidis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydiae were not detected at all. The high carrier frequency of potentially pathogenic bacteria in healthy children in Greenland may be related to the high frequency of URTI's and episodes of OM among children in Greenland.
我们通过在格陵兰努克和西西缪特对70名年龄在0至1岁、3至5岁和8岁的健康儿童的拭子进行非选择性继代培养，系统地研究了从拭子中分离出的需氧鼻咽细菌。这些拭子接种在5%马血琼脂和巧克力琼脂上。目的是为更好地理解感染病理学以及针对潜在病原体的盲目抗生素治疗提供依据，从而改善格陵兰儿童上呼吸道感染（URTI）和中耳炎（OM）的标准抗菌治疗。该研究还作为未来微生物学和免疫学研究项目的基线。对这些儿童进行了任何传染病的临床检查，并获取了病史，以便挑选没有严重临床感染史的儿童。通过口腔途径获取的鼻咽拭子立即接种在5%血琼脂和巧克力琼脂培养平板上，并进行需氧培养。随后，通过传统方法鉴定潜在的致病细菌和非致病细菌。格陵兰的健康儿童携带的需氧细菌菌群与世界其他地区的儿童大致相同，但发现潜在致病细菌的频率非常高（94%）。金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌和卡他莫拉菌在最年幼的儿童中发现频率较高。非b型流感嗜血杆菌在所有年龄组中发现频率都很高（67 - 76%）。b型流感嗜血杆菌的携带率为11.4%。A组链球菌在年龄较大的儿童和来自西西缪特的儿童中发现频率更高。卡他莫拉菌菌株中有88%产生β-内酰胺酶。未检测到脑膜炎奈瑟菌、肺炎支原体和衣原体。格陵兰健康儿童中潜在致病细菌的高携带频率可能与格陵兰儿童中URTI和OM的高发病率有关。
