独裁者博弈中的规范聚焦与损失实验。
Experiments on norm focusing and losses in dictator games.
作者信息
Windrich Ivo, Kierspel Sabrina, Neumann Thomas, Berger Roger, Vogt Bodo
机构信息
Institute of Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Chair in Empirical Economics, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
出版信息
Front Sociol. 2022 Aug 26;7:930976. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2022.930976. eCollection 2022.
We conducted experiments on norm focusing. The tests were carried out with two versions of dictator games: in one version of the game, the dictator had to allocate a gain of €10, while in the other version, a loss of €-10 needs to be allocated. In a first treatment, we focused subjects on the average giving in similar previous dictator games. The second treatment focused subjects on the behaviour of what a self-interested actor should do. In total, = 550 participants took part in our experiments. We found (1) a significant difference in giving behaviour between gain and loss treatments, with subjects being moderately more self-interested in the loss domain, (2) a significant effect of focusing subjects on the average behaviour of others, but (3) no effect of focusing subjects on the behaviour of self-interested actors.
我们进行了关于规范聚焦的实验。测试采用了两种版本的独裁者博弈：在一种版本的博弈中，独裁者必须分配10欧元的收益，而在另一种版本中，则需要分配-10欧元的损失。在第一种处理方式中，我们让受试者关注之前类似独裁者博弈中的平均给予情况。第二种处理方式则让受试者关注自利行为者应该怎么做。总共有550名参与者参加了我们的实验。我们发现：（1）收益处理和损失处理之间的给予行为存在显著差异，受试者在损失领域表现得略为更自利；（2）让受试者关注他人平均行为有显著效果；但（3）让受试者关注自利行为者的行为没有效果。
Zotero 插件