College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, P.O. Box 3015, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania.
J Pregnancy. 2022 Aug 31;2022:8396586. doi: 10.1155/2022/8396586. eCollection 2022.
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) of infants for the first six months of life is a global public health goal that is linked to the reduction of morbidity and mortality in infants, especially in low middle-income countries. In low middle-income countries like Cameroon, it is realistic that compliance with EBF can significantly reduce the burden of under five mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to assess adherence and determinants influencing the duration of exclusive breastfeeding in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Data was collected through a mixed method and systematically through a retrospective survival analysis approach where a total number of 503 randomly selected individuals in Yaoundé, Cameroon, participated in the study. Data was collected between November 2019 and May 2020. A Cox proportional hazard modelling and Kaplan-Meier analysis were employed to identify prognostic factors affecting survival time defined as the duration, in months, from birth until the time of stopping EBF. The average time for nursing mothers to practice EBF was 3.61 ± 0.010 months. This study found that more than 90% of mothers were aware of the importance of compliance with EBF but only 38% practiced EBF and 62% of mothers could not adhere to EBF recommendations. Factors that influence compliance with EBF included a mother being married (HR: 0.70; 95% CI = [0.55-0.89], =0.003) which was a protective factor while mother's tertiary education (HR: 1.43; 95% CI = [1.11-1.84], =0.005) was a risk factor with non-compliance with EBF when compared to those with basic or no formal education. The Kaplan-Meier curve indicated that as time goes on, babies are less likely to be exclusively breastfed after a specific time period within two and three months. This implies that the chance for a baby to remain exclusively breastfed after five months is 74.3% (0.74). Continuous sensitization and enforcement measures are recommended to promote EBF.
婴儿出生后最初 6 个月内进行纯母乳喂养是全球公共卫生目标之一，这与降低婴儿发病率和死亡率有关，尤其是在中低收入国家。在像喀麦隆这样的中低收入国家，遵守纯母乳喂养可以显著降低 5 岁以下儿童死亡率负担。本研究旨在评估在喀麦隆雅温得，婴儿纯母乳喂养的坚持情况及其影响因素。通过混合方法收集数据，并通过回顾性生存分析方法系统地收集数据，在喀麦隆雅温得随机选择了 503 名参与者参与了该研究。数据收集时间为 2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 5 月。采用 Cox 比例风险模型和 Kaplan-Meier 分析来识别影响生存时间（即从出生到停止纯母乳喂养的时间，以月为单位）的预后因素。哺乳母亲实施纯母乳喂养的平均时间为 3.61±0.010 个月。本研究发现，超过 90%的母亲意识到遵守纯母乳喂养的重要性，但只有 38%的母亲实施了纯母乳喂养，62%的母亲无法遵守纯母乳喂养建议。影响纯母乳喂养遵守的因素包括母亲已婚（HR：0.70；95%CI=[0.55-0.89]， =0.003），这是一个保护因素，而母亲接受过高等教育（HR：1.43；95%CI=[1.11-1.84]， =0.005）是一个风险因素，与基本或没有正规教育的母亲相比，非母乳喂养的风险更高。Kaplan-Meier 曲线表明，随着时间的推移，在特定时间内，两个月和三个月后，婴儿进行纯母乳喂养的可能性降低。这意味着婴儿在五个月后仍进行纯母乳喂养的机会为 74.3%（0.74）。建议采取持续的宣传和执行措施，以促进纯母乳喂养。
