Silva Diana L, de Barayazarra Susana, Valero Antonio, Garcia Elizabeth, Uriarte Silvia, Peñaranda Augusto, Chapman Edgardo, Garcia Maria B, Ocampo Jaime, Valencia Viviana, Moreno Sergio, Corelli Silvana, Lopez Belkis, Ramírez Luis F, Pérez Lucía Cecilia, Jares Edgardo, Serrano Carlos D
Unidad de Alergologia, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.
Departamento de Alergologia, Hospital San Roque, Córdoba, Argentina.
Front Allergy. 2022 Aug 24;3:980515. doi: 10.3389/falgy.2022.980515. eCollection 2022.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects up to 40% of the general population, there are large-scale multicenter studies that have described its characteristics and few studies have focused on studying patients with AR in Latin America (LA).
A cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter study was carried out in four LA countries (Colombia, Argentina, Cuba and Peru). Patients diagnosed with AR between November 2017 and June 2020 were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data, sensitization profile and current treatment were collected in the Electronic Data Collection (BDClinic). Patients also filled out this questionnaires: Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT), Reflexive Total Nasal Symptom Score (rTNSS), Modified ARIA Criteria for AR Severity (mARIA) and ESPRINT-15. Risk of bias was examined by applying the STROBE checklist.
The study included 412 patients. Median age was 25 years (15-39). Two hundred and twenty four (54.3%) were women. Nasal obstruction was present in 303 (73.5%). Three hundred and thirty four (81%) had a persistent AR. One hundred and twenty one (31.3%) had associated asthma. The most frequently positive skin tests were: in 365 (88.6%) and in 331 (81.3%). Four hundred and eleven patients (99%) reported that AR affected their quality of life. The median score of ESPRINT-15 was 1.87 (0.93-2.93), The mean values of RCAT and rTNSS were 19.01 (±4.59) and 5.4 (±2.97) respectively. Two hundred and fifty (60%) were receiving only oral antihistamines. Physicians decided to start nasal corticosteroids in 296 (71.8%). Only seventy patients (16.9%) were receiving immunotherapy.
These findings confirm that most of patients with AR in LA have a persistent disease with a negative impact on quality of life. Dust mites are the main sensitizers. These findings will allow to know the true impact of AR and can lead to a better disease management.
变应性鼻炎（AR）影响着高达40%的普通人群，已有大规模多中心研究描述了其特征，但很少有研究聚焦于拉丁美洲（LA）的AR患者。
在四个拉丁美洲国家（哥伦比亚、阿根廷、古巴和秘鲁）开展了一项横断面、描述性、多中心研究。纳入2017年11月至2020年6月期间诊断为AR的患者。通过电子数据收集系统（BDClinic）收集社会人口统计学和临床数据、致敏情况及当前治疗情况。患者还填写了以下问卷：鼻炎控制评估测试（RCAT）、反射性全鼻症状评分（rTNSS）、变应性鼻炎严重程度改良ARIA标准（mARIA）和ESPRINT - 15。应用STROBE清单检查偏倚风险。
该研究纳入了412例患者。中位年龄为25岁（15 - 39岁）。224例（54.3%）为女性。303例（73.5%）存在鼻塞。334例（81%）患有持续性AR。121例（31.3%）伴有哮喘。最常呈阳性的皮肤试验为：365例（88.6%）对螨呈阳性，331例（81.3%）对某种物质呈阳性。411例患者（99%）报告AR影响了他们的生活质量。ESPRINT - 15的中位评分为1.87（0.93 - 2.93），RCAT和rTNSS的均值分别为19.01（±4.59）和5.4（±2.97）。250例（60%）仅接受口服抗组胺药治疗。医生决定开始使用鼻用糖皮质激素治疗的有296例（71.8%）。仅70例（16.9%）接受免疫治疗。
这些发现证实，拉丁美洲的大多数AR患者患有持续性疾病，对生活质量有负面影响。尘螨是主要的致敏原。这些发现将有助于了解AR的真实影响，并可实现更好的疾病管理。
