Gafar Arwa M, Ramadan AbdelRahman M, ElSaid Nouar A, Nurelhuda Nazik M
Sudan Medical Specialisation Board, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ibn Sina National College, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Dent J. 2022 Sep;34(6):494-502. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.06.002. Epub 2022 Jun 13.
New approaches to treating periodontal diseases aim to balance sustaining the natural oral microbiota and modifying the host immune response. Gum Arabic (GA) is a natural polysaccharide rich in prebiotics.The aim of this study was to assess the effect of GA on clinical (Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI)) and immunological (Gingival Crevicular Fluid Interleukin 1 Beta (GCF IL-1 β)) parameters in patients with plaque-induced gingivitis.
This placebo-controlled, double-blinded randomised clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Periodontology at Khartoum Dental Teaching Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, from July to October 2016. Patients diagnosed with plaque-induced gingivitis meeting the study eligibility criteria were enrolled. At baseline, PI, GI and GCF IL-1β were measured. Patients received full-mouth scaling and were randomly assigned to receive either GA powder (intervention group) or Microcrystalline cellulose powder (placebo group). The patients were instructed to apply the treatment twice a day throughout the study. The PI, GI and GCF IL-1β were reassessed after 30 and 60 days.
A total of 60 patients were enrolled (30 in each group). Compared to the placebo group, the intervention group showed a statistically significant reduction in GI scores after 30 days and improved PI scores at 30 and 60 days. Between baseline and 60 days, patients who received GA exhibited a significant reduction in GCF IL-1β levels compared to the placebo group.
GA was found to be effective in controlling plaque and gingivitis. ISRCTN registry ISRCTN14209449.
治疗牙周疾病的新方法旨在平衡维持天然口腔微生物群和调节宿主免疫反应。阿拉伯胶（GA）是一种富含益生元的天然多糖。本研究的目的是评估GA对菌斑性牙龈炎患者的临床（菌斑指数（PI）、牙龈指数（GI））和免疫学（龈沟液白细胞介素1β（GCF IL-1β））参数的影响。
本安慰剂对照、双盲随机临床试验于2016年7月至10月在苏丹喀土穆喀土穆牙科教学医院牙周病科进行。纳入符合研究纳入标准的菌斑性牙龈炎患者。在基线时，测量PI、GI和GCF IL-1β。患者接受全口洁治，并随机分配接受GA粉末（干预组）或微晶纤维素粉末（安慰剂组）。在整个研究过程中，指导患者每天应用治疗两次。在30天和60天后重新评估PI、GI和GCF IL-1β。
共纳入60例患者（每组30例）。与安慰剂组相比，干预组在30天后GI评分有统计学显著降低，在30天和60天时PI评分有所改善。在基线和60天之间，接受GA的患者与安慰剂组相比，GCF IL-1β水平显著降低。
发现GA在控制菌斑和牙龈炎方面有效。国际标准随机对照试验编号ISRCTN14209449。
