Ventura Maria I, Azizian Allen, Evans Sean E, Velasquez Susan, Arguello Juan Carlos, Warburton Katherine
California Department of State Hospitals, United States.
California State University, Fresno, United States.
Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2022 Dec;4:100307. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100307. Epub 2022 Sep 7.
COVID-19 vaccinations are highly efficacious in preventing severe illness that can lead to hospitalizations and death, but incidents of vaccine breakthrough (VBT) infections persist. We examined VBT infections within a congregate setting to help guide public health practices.
This is a retrospective cohort study of VBT infections identified via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing between 2/1/2021-11/1/2021.
A VBT infection was defined as the detection of SARS-CoV-2 collected from a person ≥14 days after all recommended doses of a COVID-19 vaccine. VBT infections were examined in five California psychiatric inpatient hospitals with a workforce of more than 10,000 hospital staff and approximately 5500 patients.
415 VBT infections out of 14,101 fully vaccinated individuals within our system (2.9%) were identified. Days since final vaccine date ranged from 16 to 291 days. Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test revealed a statistically significant difference in age between individuals with VBT infections versus all other vaccinated individuals [U = 6.47, p = .01]. A chi-square test of independence revealed no significant sex differences between individuals with VBT infections (58.8% male and 41.2% female) versus all other vaccinated individuals (59.6% male and 40.4% female; X2 (3, N = 14101) = 5.059, p = .167). Out of 415 VBT cases, 65.1% received the Moderna vaccine, 33.2% received Pfizer, and 1.7% received J&J; and 38.1% were asymptomatic at time of VBT infection, 24.1% were symptomatic, while 37.8% were missing symptom data.
Vaccination campaigns, including boosters and continued surveillance, are important complimentary strategies for reducing the proliferation of COVID-19 VBT cases and severity of symptoms associated with COVID-19.
新冠病毒疫苗在预防可能导致住院和死亡的严重疾病方面非常有效，但疫苗突破性（VBT）感染事件仍然存在。我们在集体环境中研究了VBT感染情况，以帮助指导公共卫生实践。
这是一项回顾性队列研究，研究对象为2021年2月1日至2021年11月1日期间通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测确定的VBT感染病例。
VBT感染定义为在接种完所有推荐剂量的新冠病毒疫苗至少14天后，从一个人身上检测到严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）。在加利福尼亚州的五家精神病住院医院对VBT感染情况进行了研究，这些医院有超过10000名医院工作人员和大约5500名患者。
在我们系统内的14101名完全接种疫苗的个体中，确定了415例VBT感染病例（2.9%）。自最后一剂疫苗接种日期起的天数为16至291天。Kruskal-Wallis非参数检验显示，VBT感染个体与所有其他接种疫苗个体之间在年龄上存在统计学显著差异[U = 6.47，p = 0.01]。独立性卡方检验显示，VBT感染个体（男性占58.8%，女性占41.2%）与所有其他接种疫苗个体（男性占59.6%，女性占40.4%；X2（3，N = 14101）= 5.059，p = 0.167）之间在性别上没有显著差异。在415例VBT病例中，65.1%接种的是Moderna疫苗，33.2%接种的是辉瑞疫苗，1.7%接种的是强生疫苗；38.1%在VBT感染时无症状，24.1%有症状，而37.8%缺失症状数据。
疫苗接种活动，包括加强针接种和持续监测，是减少新冠病毒VBT病例传播和与新冠病毒相关症状严重程度的重要补充策略。
