Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2022;57(10):852-857. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2119741. Epub 2022 Sep 10.
Pyroligneous acid (PA) is a highly oxygenated organic condensate obtained by cooling the gases generated from the pyrolysis process. PA has been used in agriculture for several years with multiple beneficial effects, including plant health and yields, pest resilience, and seed germination. It is generally applied to agricultural soils in the dilution of 1:1000 to 1:100, corresponding to 0.1-1% PA concentration. In this study, the cyto-genotoxic potential of PA to meristematic root-tips (where all cells undergo repeated division and form primary root tissues) was examined. Exposure to PA concentrations of 0.1% and above showed a reduction in the mitotic index percentage, and at 5%, a complete arrest in the cell division was recorded. However, chromosomal aberrations at 0.5, 1, and 3% PA were reversible types such as bridges, vagrants, laggards, and multipolar anaphase, with a maximum of only 5.8% chromosomal aberration observed at 3% PA. Comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis) for genotoxicity assessment determined using PA exposed root tips showed that it was not genotoxic. The absence of cyto-genotoxicity in , even at concentrations far above what would be typically encountered in agricultural applications, strongly suggests that PA is unlikely to cause adverse effects on crops and ultimately on the biota and human health.
木醋液（PA）是一种高度氧化的有机冷凝物，通过冷却热解过程中产生的气体而获得。PA 多年来一直被用于农业，具有多种有益效果，包括植物健康和产量、抗虫害能力和种子发芽率。它通常以 1:1000 至 1:100 的稀释度施用于农业土壤，即 PA 浓度为 0.1-1%。在这项研究中，研究了 PA 对根尖分生组织的细胞遗传毒性潜力（所有细胞都在那里经历反复分裂并形成初生根组织）。在 0.1%及以上浓度的 PA 暴露下，有丝分裂指数百分比降低，在 5%时，细胞分裂完全停止。然而，在 0.5%、1%和 3%的 PA 下观察到的染色体畸变是可逆类型，如桥、流浪者、滞后和多极后期，在 3%的 PA 下观察到的染色体畸变最大只有 5.8%。使用暴露于 PA 的根尖进行的遗传毒性评估彗星试验（单细胞凝胶电泳）表明它没有遗传毒性。即使在远高于农业应用中通常遇到的浓度下，也没有细胞遗传毒性，这强烈表明 PA 不太可能对作物，最终对生物群和人类健康造成不良影响。
