Department of General Surgery，Devision of Gastroenterology and Pancreas, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2022 Nov;49(11):11037-11048. doi: 10.1007/s11033-022-07765-8. Epub 2022 Sep 12.
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most malignant tumors and has an abysmal prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of only 11%. At present, the main clinical dilemmas in PC are the lack of biomarkers and the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. The treatments for and outcomes of PC have improved, but remain unsatisfactory. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles, and an increasing number of studies have found that exosomes play an essential role in tumor pathology. In this review, we describe the process of exosome biogenesis, as well as exosome extraction methods and identification strategies, and we then explain in detail the roles and mechanisms of exosomes in invasion, metastasis, chemoresistance and immunosuppression in PC. Finally, we summarize the clinical applications of exosomes. Our observations indicate that exosomes represent a novel direction in the clinical treatment of PC.
胰腺癌（PC）是最恶性的肿瘤之一，预后极差，5 年生存率仅为 11%。目前，PC 临床面临的主要困境是缺乏生物标志物和治疗效果不理想。PC 的治疗和预后虽有所改善，但仍不尽如人意。外泌体是纳米大小的细胞外囊泡，越来越多的研究发现外泌体在肿瘤病理学中起着至关重要的作用。本综述描述了外泌体的生物发生过程以及外泌体的提取方法和鉴定策略，详细阐述了外泌体在 PC 侵袭、转移、化疗耐药和免疫抑制中的作用和机制。最后，总结了外泌体的临床应用。我们的观察表明，外泌体为 PC 的临床治疗提供了一个新的方向。
