College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Teaching Building 35, Tiansheng Road No 2, Chongqing, 400715, China.
Lamjung Campus, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Lamjung, Nepal.
Planta. 2022 Sep 12;256(4):80. doi: 10.1007/s00425-022-03993-1.
Consequences of air pollutants on physiology, biology, yield and quality in the crops are evident. Crop and soil management can play significant roles in attenuating the impacts of air pollutants. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, air pollution has emerged as a serious threat to quality crop production. Assessing the effect of the elevated level of pollutants on the performance of the crops is crucial. Compared to the soil and water pollutants, the air pollutants spread more rapidly to the extensive area. This paper has reviewed and highlighted the major findings of the previous research works on the morphological, physiological and biochemical changes in some important crops and fruits exposed to the increasing levels of air pollutants. The crop, soil and environmental factors governing the effect of air pollutants have been discussed. The majority of the observations suggest that the air pollutants alter the physiology and biochemical in the plants, i.e., while some pollutants are beneficial to the growth and yields and modify physiological and morphological processes, most of them appeared to be detrimental to the crop yields and their quality. A better understanding of the mechanisms of the uptake of air pollutants and crop responses is quite important for devising the measures ‒ at both policy and program levels ‒ to minimize their possible negative impacts on crops. Further research directions in this field have also been presented.
大气污染物对作物生理、生物、产量和品质的影响是显而易见的。作物和土壤管理可以在减轻大气污染物影响方面发挥重要作用。随着城市化和工业化的快速发展，空气污染已成为优质作物生产的严重威胁。评估污染物水平升高对作物性能的影响至关重要。与土壤和水污染相比，空气污染物更迅速地扩散到更广泛的区域。本文综述并强调了先前关于一些重要作物和水果暴露于不断增加的空气污染物水平下形态、生理和生化变化的研究工作的主要发现。讨论了控制空气污染物影响的作物、土壤和环境因素。大多数观察结果表明，空气污染物改变了植物的生理和生化特性，即一些污染物对生长和产量有益，并改变生理和形态过程，而大多数污染物似乎对作物产量及其质量有害。更好地了解空气污染物的吸收机制和作物的响应机制对于制定政策和方案措施以尽量减少其对作物的潜在负面影响非常重要。还提出了该领域的进一步研究方向。
